xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/pigweed/pw_spi/public/pw_spi/initiator.h (revision 61c4878ac05f98d0ceed94b57d316916de578985)
1 // Copyright 2021 The Pigweed Authors
2 //
3 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
4 // use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
5 // the License at
6 //
7 //     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
8 //
9 // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
10 // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
11 // WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
12 // License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
13 // the License.
14 
15 #pragma once
16 
17 #include <cstdint>
18 #include <type_traits>
19 
20 #include "pw_assert/assert.h"
21 #include "pw_bytes/span.h"
22 #include "pw_status/status.h"
23 
24 namespace pw::spi {
25 
26 // ClockPolarity is a configuration parameter that specifies whether a SPI
27 // bus clock signal is active low, or active high.
28 enum class ClockPolarity : uint8_t {
29   kActiveHigh,  // Corresponds to CPOL = 0
30   kActiveLow,   // Corresponds to CPOL = 1
31 };
32 
33 // ClockPhase is a configuration parameter that specifies whether the
34 // phase of the SPI bus clock is rising edge or falling edge.
35 enum class ClockPhase : uint8_t {
36   kRisingEdge,   // Corresponds to CPHA = 0
37   kFallingEdge,  // Corresponds to CPHA = 1
38 };
39 
40 // Configuration parameter, specifying the bit order for data clocked over the
41 // SPI bus; whether least-significant bit first, or most-significant bit first
42 enum class BitOrder : uint8_t {
43   kLsbFirst,
44   kMsbFirst,
45 };
46 
47 // Configuration object used to represent the number of bits in a SPI
48 // data word. Devices typically use 8-bit words, although values of 3-32
49 // are sometimes specified for bus-level optimizations.  Values outside
50 // this range are considered an error.
51 class BitsPerWord {
52  public:
BitsPerWord(uint8_t data_bits)53   constexpr BitsPerWord(uint8_t data_bits) : data_bits_(data_bits) {
54     PW_ASSERT(data_bits_ >= 3 && data_bits_ <= 32);
55   }
56 
operator()57   constexpr uint8_t operator()() const { return data_bits_; }
58 
59  private:
60   uint8_t data_bits_;
61 };
62 
63 // This struct contains the necessary configuration details required to
64 // initialize a SPI bus for communication with a target device.
65 struct Config {
66   ClockPolarity polarity;
67   ClockPhase phase;
68   BitsPerWord bits_per_word;
69   BitOrder bit_order;
70 
71   constexpr bool operator==(const Config& rhs) const {
72     return polarity == rhs.polarity && phase == rhs.phase &&
73            bits_per_word() == rhs.bits_per_word() && bit_order == rhs.bit_order;
74   }
75 
76   constexpr bool operator!=(const Config& rhs) const { return !(*this == rhs); }
77 };
78 static_assert(sizeof(Config) == sizeof(uint32_t),
79               "Ensure that the config struct fits in 32-bits");
80 
81 // The Initiator class provides an abstract interface used to configure and
82 // transmit data using a SPI bus.
83 class Initiator {
84  public:
85   virtual ~Initiator() = default;
86 
87   // Configure the SPI bus to communicate with responders using a given set of
88   // properties, including the clock polarity, clock phase, bit-order, and
89   // bits-per-word.
90   // Returns OkStatus() on success, and implementation-specific values on
91   // failure.
Configure(const Config & config)92   Status Configure(const Config& config) { return DoConfigure(config); }
93 
94   // Perform a synchronous read/write operation on the SPI bus.  Data from the
95   // `write_buffer` object is written to the bus, while the `read_buffer` is
96   // populated with incoming data on the bus.  The operation will ensure that
97   // all requested data is written-to and read-from the bus. In the event the
98   // read buffer is smaller than the write buffer (or zero-size), any additional
99   // input bytes are discarded. In the event the write buffer is smaller than
100   // the read buffer (or zero size), the output is padded with 0-bits for the
101   // remainder of the transfer.
102   // Returns OkStatus() on success, and implementation-specific values on
103   // failure.
WriteRead(ConstByteSpan write_buffer,ByteSpan read_buffer)104   Status WriteRead(ConstByteSpan write_buffer, ByteSpan read_buffer) {
105     return DoWriteRead(write_buffer, read_buffer);
106   }
107 
108  private:
109   // Subclass API:
110   virtual Status DoConfigure(const Config& config) = 0;
111   virtual Status DoWriteRead(ConstByteSpan write_buffer,
112                              ByteSpan read_buffer) = 0;
113 };
114 
115 }  // namespace pw::spi
116