xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/flashrom/ft2232_spi.c (revision 0d6140be3aa665ecc836e8907834fcd3e3b018fc)
1 /*
2  * This file is part of the flashrom project.
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Paul Fox <[email protected]>
5  * Copyright (C) 2009, 2010 Carl-Daniel Hailfinger
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9  * the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
10  *
11  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14  * GNU General Public License for more details.
15  */
16 
17 #include <stdbool.h>
18 #include <stdio.h>
19 #include <strings.h>
20 #include <string.h>
21 #include <stdlib.h>
22 #include <ctype.h>
23 #include "flash.h"
24 #include "programmer.h"
25 #include "spi.h"
26 #include <ftdi.h>
27 
28 /* This is not defined in libftdi.h <0.20 (c7e4c09e68cfa6f5e112334aa1b3bb23401c8dc7 to be exact).
29  * Some tests indicate that this is the only change that it is needed to support the FT232H in flashrom. */
30 #if !defined(HAVE_FT232H)
31 #define TYPE_232H	6
32 #endif
33 
34 /* Please keep sorted by vendor ID, then device ID. */
35 
36 #define FTDI_VID		0x0403
37 #define FTDI_FT2232H_PID	0x6010
38 #define FTDI_FT4232H_PID	0x6011
39 #define FTDI_FT232H_PID		0x6014
40 #define FTDI_FT4233H_PID	0x6041
41 #define TIAO_TUMPA_PID		0x8a98
42 #define TIAO_TUMPA_LITE_PID	0x8a99
43 #define KT_LINK_PID		0xbbe2
44 #define AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID	0xCFF8
45 
46 #define GOEPEL_VID		0x096C
47 #define GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID	0x1449
48 
49 #define FIC_VID			0x1457
50 #define OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID	0x5118
51 
52 #define OLIMEX_VID		0x15BA
53 #define OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID	0x0003
54 #define OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID	0x0004
55 #define OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID	0x002B
56 #define OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID	0x002A
57 
58 #define GOOGLE_VID		0x18D1
59 #define GOOGLE_SERVO_PID	0x5001
60 #define GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID0	0x5002
61 #define GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID1	0x5003
62 
63 static const struct dev_entry devs_ft2232spi[] = {
64 	{FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT2232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT2232H"},
65 	{FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT4232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT4232H"},
66 	{FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT232H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT232H"},
67 	{FTDI_VID, FTDI_FT4233H_PID, OK, "FTDI", "FT4233H"},
68 	{FTDI_VID, TIAO_TUMPA_PID, OK, "TIAO", "USB Multi-Protocol Adapter"},
69 	{FTDI_VID, TIAO_TUMPA_LITE_PID, OK, "TIAO", "USB Multi-Protocol Adapter Lite"},
70 	{FTDI_VID, KT_LINK_PID, OK, "Kristech", "KT-LINK"},
71 	{FTDI_VID, AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID, OK, "Amontec", "JTAGkey"},
72 	{GOEPEL_VID, GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID, OK, "GOEPEL", "PicoTAP"},
73 	{GOOGLE_VID, GOOGLE_SERVO_PID, OK, "Google", "Servo"},
74 	{GOOGLE_VID, GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID0, OK, "Google", "Servo V2 Legacy"},
75 	{GOOGLE_VID, GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID1, OK, "Google", "Servo V2"},
76 	{FIC_VID, OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID, OK, "FIC", "OpenMoko Neo1973 Debug board (V2+)"},
77 	{OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID, OK, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-OCD"},
78 	{OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID, OK, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-TINY"},
79 	{OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID, OK, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-OCD-H"},
80 	{OLIMEX_VID, OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID, OK, "Olimex", "ARM-USB-TINY-H"},
81 
82 	{0},
83 };
84 
85 #define FTDI_HW_BUFFER_SIZE 4096 /* in bytes */
86 
87 #define DEFAULT_DIVISOR 2
88 
89 #define BITMODE_BITBANG_NORMAL	1
90 #define BITMODE_BITBANG_SPI	2
91 
92 /*
93  * The variables `cs_bits` and `pindir` store the values for the
94  * "set data bits low byte" MPSSE command that sets the initial
95  * state and the direction of the I/O pins. `cs_bits` pins default
96  * to high and will be toggled during SPI transactions. All other
97  * output pins will be kept low all the time. For some programmers,
98  * some reserved GPIOL* pins are used as outputs. Free GPIOL* pins
99  * are configured as inputs, while it's possible to use them either
100  * as generic gpios or as additional CS# signal(s) through the
101  * parameter(s) `gpiolX`. On exit, all pins will be reconfigured
102  * as inputs.
103  *
104  * The pin offsets are as follows:
105  * TCK/SK is bit 0.
106  * TDI/DO is bit 1.
107  * TDO/DI is bit 2.
108  * TMS/CS is bit 3.
109  * GPIOL0 is bit 4.
110  * GPIOL1 is bit 5.
111  * GPIOL2 is bit 6.
112  * GPIOL3 is bit 7.
113  *
114  * The default values (set below in ft2232_spi_init) are used for
115  * most devices:
116  *  value: 0x08  CS=high,   DI=low,   DO=low,    SK=low
117  *    dir: 0x0b  CS=output, DI=input, DO=output, SK=output
118  */
119 struct ft2232_data {
120 	uint8_t cs_bits;
121 	uint8_t aux_bits;
122 	uint8_t pindir;
123 	struct ftdi_context ftdic_context;
124 };
125 
get_ft2232_devicename(int ft2232_vid,int ft2232_type)126 static const char *get_ft2232_devicename(int ft2232_vid, int ft2232_type)
127 {
128 	int i;
129 	for (i = 0; devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name != NULL; i++) {
130 		if ((devs_ft2232spi[i].device_id == ft2232_type)
131 			&& (devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_id == ft2232_vid))
132 				return devs_ft2232spi[i].device_name;
133 	}
134 	return "unknown device";
135 }
136 
get_ft2232_vendorname(int ft2232_vid,int ft2232_type)137 static const char *get_ft2232_vendorname(int ft2232_vid, int ft2232_type)
138 {
139 	int i;
140 	for (i = 0; devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name != NULL; i++) {
141 		if ((devs_ft2232spi[i].device_id == ft2232_type)
142 			&& (devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_id == ft2232_vid))
143 				return devs_ft2232spi[i].vendor_name;
144 	}
145 	return "unknown vendor";
146 }
147 
send_buf(struct ftdi_context * ftdic,const unsigned char * buf,int size)148 static int send_buf(struct ftdi_context *ftdic, const unsigned char *buf,
149 		    int size)
150 {
151 	int r;
152 	r = ftdi_write_data(ftdic, (unsigned char *) buf, size);
153 	if (r < 0) {
154 		msg_perr("ftdi_write_data: %d, %s\n", r,
155 				ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
156 		return 1;
157 	}
158 	return 0;
159 }
160 
get_buf(struct ftdi_context * ftdic,const unsigned char * buf,int size)161 static int get_buf(struct ftdi_context *ftdic, const unsigned char *buf,
162 		   int size)
163 {
164 	int r;
165 
166 	while (size > 0) {
167 		r = ftdi_read_data(ftdic, (unsigned char *) buf, size);
168 		if (r < 0) {
169 			msg_perr("ftdi_read_data: %d, %s\n", r,
170 					ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
171 			return 1;
172 		}
173 		buf += r;
174 		size -= r;
175 	}
176 	return 0;
177 }
178 
ft2232_shutdown(void * data)179 static int ft2232_shutdown(void *data)
180 {
181 	struct ft2232_data *spi_data = (struct ft2232_data *) data;
182 	struct ftdi_context *ftdic = &spi_data->ftdic_context;
183 	unsigned char buf[3];
184 	int ret = 0;
185 
186 	msg_pdbg("Releasing I/Os\n");
187 	buf[0] = SET_BITS_LOW;
188 	buf[1] = 0; /* Output byte ignored */
189 	buf[2] = 0; /* Pin direction: all inputs */
190 	if (send_buf(ftdic, buf, 3)) {
191 		msg_perr("Unable to set pins back to inputs.\n");
192 		ret = 1;
193 	}
194 
195 	const int close_ret = ftdi_usb_close(ftdic);
196 	if (close_ret < 0) {
197 		msg_perr("Unable to close FTDI device: %d (%s)\n", close_ret,
198 		         ftdi_get_error_string(ftdic));
199 		ret = 1;
200 	}
201 
202 	free(spi_data);
203 	return ret;
204 }
205 
ft2232_spi_command_fits(const struct spi_command * cmd,size_t buffer_size)206 static bool ft2232_spi_command_fits(const struct spi_command *cmd, size_t buffer_size)
207 {
208 	const size_t cmd_len = 3; /* same length for any ft2232 command */
209 	return
210 		/* commands for CS# assertion and de-assertion: */
211 		cmd_len + cmd_len
212 		/* commands for either a write, a read or both: */
213 		+ (cmd->writecnt && cmd->readcnt ? cmd_len + cmd_len : cmd_len)
214 		/* payload (only writecnt; readcnt concerns another buffer): */
215 		+ cmd->writecnt
216 		<= buffer_size;
217 }
218 
219 /* Returns 0 upon success, a negative number upon errors. */
ft2232_spi_send_multicommand(const struct flashctx * flash,struct spi_command * cmds)220 static int ft2232_spi_send_multicommand(const struct flashctx *flash, struct spi_command *cmds)
221 {
222 	struct ft2232_data *spi_data = flash->mst->spi.data;
223 	struct ftdi_context *ftdic = &spi_data->ftdic_context;
224 	static unsigned char buf[FTDI_HW_BUFFER_SIZE];
225 	size_t i = 0;
226 	int ret = 0;
227 
228 	/*
229 	 * Minimize FTDI-calls by packing as many commands as possible together.
230 	 */
231 	for (; cmds->writecnt || cmds->readcnt; cmds++) {
232 
233 		if (cmds->writecnt > 65536 || cmds->readcnt > 65536)
234 			return SPI_INVALID_LENGTH;
235 
236 		if (!ft2232_spi_command_fits(cmds, FTDI_HW_BUFFER_SIZE - i)) {
237 			msg_perr("Command does not fit\n");
238 			return SPI_GENERIC_ERROR;
239 		}
240 
241 		msg_pspew("Assert CS#\n");
242 		buf[i++] = SET_BITS_LOW;
243 		/* assert CS# pins, keep aux_bits, all other output pins stay low */
244 		buf[i++] = spi_data->aux_bits;
245 		buf[i++] = spi_data->pindir;
246 
247 		/* WREN, OP(PROGRAM, ERASE), ADDR, DATA */
248 		if (cmds->writecnt) {
249 			buf[i++] = MPSSE_DO_WRITE | MPSSE_WRITE_NEG;
250 			buf[i++] = (cmds->writecnt - 1) & 0xff;
251 			buf[i++] = ((cmds->writecnt - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
252 			memcpy(buf + i, cmds->writearr, cmds->writecnt);
253 			i += cmds->writecnt;
254 		}
255 
256 		/* An optional read command */
257 		if (cmds->readcnt) {
258 			buf[i++] = MPSSE_DO_READ;
259 			buf[i++] = (cmds->readcnt - 1) & 0xff;
260 			buf[i++] = ((cmds->readcnt - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
261 		}
262 
263 		/* Add final de-assert CS# */
264 		msg_pspew("De-assert CS#\n");
265 		buf[i++] = SET_BITS_LOW;
266 		buf[i++] = spi_data->cs_bits | spi_data->aux_bits;
267 		buf[i++] = spi_data->pindir;
268 
269 		/* continue if there is no read-cmd and further cmds exist */
270 		if (!cmds->readcnt &&
271 				((cmds + 1)->writecnt || (cmds + 1)->readcnt) &&
272 				ft2232_spi_command_fits((cmds + 1), FTDI_HW_BUFFER_SIZE - i)) {
273 			continue;
274 		}
275 
276 		ret = send_buf(ftdic, buf, i);
277 		i = 0;
278 		if (ret) {
279 			msg_perr("send_buf failed: %i\n", ret);
280 			break;
281 		}
282 
283 		if (cmds->readcnt) {
284 			ret = get_buf(ftdic, cmds->readarr, cmds->readcnt);
285 			if (ret) {
286 				msg_perr("get_buf failed: %i\n", ret);
287 				break;
288 			}
289 		}
290 	}
291 	return ret ? -1 : 0;
292 }
293 
294 static const struct spi_master spi_master_ft2232 = {
295 	.features	= SPI_MASTER_4BA,
296 	.max_data_read	= 64 * 1024,
297 	.max_data_write	= 256,
298 	.multicommand	= ft2232_spi_send_multicommand,
299 	.read		= default_spi_read,
300 	.write_256	= default_spi_write_256,
301 	.shutdown	= ft2232_shutdown,
302 };
303 
304 /* Returns 0 upon success, a negative number upon errors. */
ft2232_spi_init(const struct programmer_cfg * cfg)305 static int ft2232_spi_init(const struct programmer_cfg *cfg)
306 {
307 	int ret = 0;
308 	unsigned char buf[512];
309 	int ft2232_vid = FTDI_VID;
310 	int ft2232_type = FTDI_FT4232H_PID;
311 	int channel_count = 4; /* Stores the number of channels of the device. */
312 	enum ftdi_interface ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_A;
313 	/*
314 	 * The 'H' chips can run with an internal clock of either 12 MHz or 60 MHz,
315 	 * but the non-H chips can only run at 12 MHz. We disable the divide-by-5
316 	 * prescaler on 'H' chips so they run at 60MHz.
317 	 */
318 	bool clock_5x = true;
319 	/* In addition to the prescaler mentioned above there is also another
320 	 * configurable one on all versions of the chips. Its divisor div can be
321 	 * set by a 16 bit value x according to the following formula:
322 	 * div = (1 + x) * 2 <-> x = div / 2 - 1
323 	 * Hence the expressible divisors are all even numbers between 2 and
324 	 * 2^17 (=131072) resulting in SCK frequencies of 6 MHz down to about
325 	 * 92 Hz for 12 MHz inputs and 30 MHz down to about 458 Hz for 60 MHz
326 	 * inputs.
327 	 */
328 	uint32_t divisor = DEFAULT_DIVISOR;
329 	int f;
330 	char *arg, *arg2;
331 	double mpsse_clk;
332 
333 	uint8_t cs_bits = 0x08;
334 	uint8_t aux_bits = 0x00;
335 	uint8_t pindir = 0x0b;
336 	uint8_t aux_bits_high = 0x00;
337 	uint8_t pindir_high = 0x00;
338 	struct ftdi_context ftdic;
339 	struct ft2232_data *spi_data;
340 
341 	arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "type");
342 	if (arg) {
343 		if (!strcasecmp(arg, "2232H")) {
344 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT2232H_PID;
345 			channel_count = 2;
346 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "4232H")) {
347 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT4232H_PID;
348 			channel_count = 4;
349 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "232H")) {
350 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT232H_PID;
351 			channel_count = 1;
352 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "4233H")) {
353 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT4233H_PID;
354 			channel_count = 4;
355 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "jtagkey")) {
356 			ft2232_type = AMONTEC_JTAGKEY_PID;
357 			channel_count = 2;
358 			/* JTAGkey(2) needs to enable its output via Bit4 / GPIOL0
359 			*  value: 0x18  OE=high, CS=high, DI=low, DO=low, SK=low
360 			*    dir: 0x1b  OE=output, CS=output, DI=input, DO=output, SK=output */
361 			cs_bits = 0x18;
362 			pindir = 0x1b;
363 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "picotap")) {
364 			ft2232_vid = GOEPEL_VID;
365 			ft2232_type = GOEPEL_PICOTAP_PID;
366 			channel_count = 2;
367 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "tumpa")) {
368 			/* Interface A is SPI1, B is SPI2. */
369 			ft2232_type = TIAO_TUMPA_PID;
370 			channel_count = 2;
371 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "tumpalite")) {
372 			/* Only one channel is used on lite edition */
373 			ft2232_type = TIAO_TUMPA_LITE_PID;
374 			channel_count = 1;
375 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "busblaster")) {
376 			/* In its default configuration it is a jtagkey clone */
377 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT2232H_PID;
378 			channel_count = 2;
379 			cs_bits = 0x18;
380 			pindir = 0x1b;
381 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "openmoko")) {
382 			ft2232_vid = FIC_VID;
383 			ft2232_type = OPENMOKO_DBGBOARD_PID;
384 			channel_count = 2;
385 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-ocd")) {
386 			ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
387 			ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_PID;
388 			channel_count = 2;
389 			/* arm-usb-ocd(-h) has an output buffer that needs to be enabled by pulling ADBUS4 low.
390 			*  value: 0x08  #OE=low, CS=high, DI=low, DO=low, SK=low
391 			*    dir: 0x1b  #OE=output, CS=output, DI=input, DO=output, SK=output */
392 			cs_bits = 0x08;
393 			pindir = 0x1b;
394 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-tiny")) {
395 			ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
396 			ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_PID;
397 			channel_count = 2;
398 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-ocd-h")) {
399 			ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
400 			ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_OCD_H_PID;
401 			channel_count = 2;
402 			/* See arm-usb-ocd */
403 			cs_bits = 0x08;
404 			pindir = 0x1b;
405 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "arm-usb-tiny-h")) {
406 			ft2232_vid = OLIMEX_VID;
407 			ft2232_type = OLIMEX_ARM_TINY_H_PID;
408 			channel_count = 2;
409 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "google-servo")) {
410 			ft2232_vid = GOOGLE_VID;
411 			ft2232_type = GOOGLE_SERVO_PID;
412 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "google-servo-v2")) {
413 			ft2232_vid = GOOGLE_VID;
414 			ft2232_type = GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID1;
415 			/* Default divisor is too fast, and chip ID fails */
416 			divisor = 6;
417 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "google-servo-v2-legacy")) {
418 			ft2232_vid = GOOGLE_VID;
419 			ft2232_type = GOOGLE_SERVO_V2_PID0;
420 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "flyswatter")) {
421 			ft2232_type = FTDI_FT2232H_PID;
422 			channel_count = 2;
423 			/* Flyswatter and Flyswatter-2 require GPIO bits 0x80
424 			 * and 0x40 to be driven low to enable output buffers */
425 			pindir = 0xcb;
426 		} else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "kt-link")) {
427 			ft2232_type = KT_LINK_PID;
428 			/* port B is used as uart */
429 			channel_count = 1;
430 			/* Set GPIOL1 output high - route TMS and TDO through multiplexers */
431 			aux_bits = 0x20;
432 			pindir = 0x2b;
433 			/* Set GPIOH4 output low - enable TMS output buffer */
434 			/* Set GPIOH5 output low - enable TDI output buffer */
435 			/* Set GPIOH6 output low - enable TCK output buffer */
436 			pindir_high = 0x70;
437 		} else {
438 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid device type specified.\n");
439 			free(arg);
440 			return -1;
441 		}
442 	}
443 	free(arg);
444 
445 	/* Remember reserved pins before pindir gets modified. */
446 	const uint8_t rsv_bits = pindir & 0xf0;
447 
448 	arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "port");
449 	if (arg) {
450 		switch (toupper((unsigned char)*arg)) {
451 		case 'A':
452 			ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_A;
453 			break;
454 		case 'B':
455 			ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_B;
456 			if (channel_count < 2)
457 				channel_count = -1;
458 			break;
459 		case 'C':
460 			ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_C;
461 			if (channel_count < 3)
462 				channel_count = -1;
463 			break;
464 		case 'D':
465 			ft2232_interface = INTERFACE_D;
466 			if (channel_count < 4)
467 				channel_count = -1;
468 			break;
469 		default:
470 			channel_count = -1;
471 			break;
472 		}
473 		if (channel_count < 0 || strlen(arg) != 1) {
474 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid channel/port/interface specified: \"%s\".\n", arg);
475 			free(arg);
476 			return -2;
477 		}
478 	}
479 	free(arg);
480 
481 	arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "divisor");
482 	if (arg && strlen(arg)) {
483 		unsigned int temp = 0;
484 		char *endptr;
485 		temp = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 10);
486 		if (*endptr || temp < 2 || temp > 131072 || temp & 0x1) {
487 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid SPI frequency divisor specified: \"%s\".\n"
488 				 "Valid are even values between 2 and 131072.\n", arg);
489 			free(arg);
490 			return -2;
491 		}
492 		divisor = (uint32_t)temp;
493 	}
494 	free(arg);
495 
496 	bool csgpiol_set = false;
497 	arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "csgpiol");
498 	if (arg) {
499 		csgpiol_set = true;
500 		msg_pwarn("Deprecation warning: `csgpiol` is deprecated and will be removed "
501 			 "in the future.\nUse `gpiolX=C` instead.\n");
502 
503 		char *endptr;
504 		unsigned int temp = strtoul(arg, &endptr, 10);
505 		if (*endptr || endptr == arg || temp > 3) {
506 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid GPIOL specified: \"%s\".\n"
507 				 "Valid values are between 0 and 3.\n", arg);
508 			free(arg);
509 			return -2;
510 		}
511 
512 		unsigned int pin = temp + 4;
513 		if (rsv_bits & 1 << pin) {
514 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid GPIOL specified: \"%s\".\n"
515 				 "The pin is reserved on this programmer.\n",
516 				 arg);
517 			free(arg);
518 			return -2;
519 		}
520 
521 		cs_bits |= 1 << pin;
522 		pindir  |= 1 << pin;
523 	}
524 	free(arg);
525 
526 	/* gpiolX */
527 	for (int pin = 0; pin < 4; pin++) {
528 		char gpiol_param[7];
529 		snprintf(gpiol_param, sizeof(gpiol_param), "gpiol%d", pin);
530 		arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, gpiol_param);
531 
532 		if (!arg)
533 			continue;
534 
535 		if (csgpiol_set) {
536 			msg_perr("Error: `csgpiol` and `gpiolX` are mutually exclusive.\n"
537 				 "Since `csgpiol` is deprecated and will be removed in the "
538 				 "future, use of `gpiolX=C` is recommended.\n");
539 			free(arg);
540 			return -2;
541 		}
542 
543 		uint8_t bit = 1 << (pin + 4);
544 		if (rsv_bits & bit) {
545 			msg_perr("Error: Invalid GPIOL specified: \"gpiol%d=%s\".\n"
546 				 "Pin GPIOL%i is reserved on this programmer.\n",
547 				 pin, arg, pin);
548 			free(arg);
549 			return -2;
550 		}
551 
552 		if (strlen(arg) != 1)
553 			goto format_error;
554 
555 		switch (toupper(arg[0])) {
556 			case 'H':
557 				aux_bits |= bit;
558 				pindir   |= bit;
559 				break;
560 			case 'L':
561 				pindir   |= bit;
562 				break;
563 			case 'C':
564 				cs_bits  |= bit;
565 				pindir   |= bit;
566 				break;
567 			default:
568 				goto format_error;
569 		}
570 
571 		free(arg);
572 		continue;
573 
574 format_error:
575 		msg_perr("Error: Invalid GPIOL specified: \"gpiol%d=%s\".\n"
576 			 "Valid values are H, L and C.\n"
577 			 "    H - Set GPIOL output high\n"
578 			 "    L - Set GPIOL output low\n"
579 			 "    C - Use GPIOL as additional CS# output\n",
580 			 pin, arg);
581 
582 		free(arg);
583 		return -2;
584 	}
585 
586 	msg_pdbg("Using device type %s %s ",
587 		 get_ft2232_vendorname(ft2232_vid, ft2232_type),
588 		 get_ft2232_devicename(ft2232_vid, ft2232_type));
589 	msg_pdbg("channel %s.\n",
590 		 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_A) ? "A" :
591 		 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_B) ? "B" :
592 		 (ft2232_interface == INTERFACE_C) ? "C" : "D");
593 
594 	if (ftdi_init(&ftdic) < 0) {
595 		msg_perr("ftdi_init failed.\n");
596 		return -3;
597 	}
598 
599 	if (ftdi_set_interface(&ftdic, ft2232_interface) < 0) {
600 		msg_perr("Unable to select channel (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
601 	}
602 
603 	arg = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "serial");
604 	arg2 = extract_programmer_param_str(cfg, "description");
605 
606 	f = ftdi_usb_open_desc(&ftdic, ft2232_vid, ft2232_type, arg2, arg);
607 
608 	free(arg);
609 	free(arg2);
610 
611 	if (f < 0 && f != -5) {
612 		msg_perr("Unable to open FTDI device: %d (%s)\n", f,
613 				ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
614 		return -4;
615 	}
616 
617 	if (ftdic.type != TYPE_2232H && ftdic.type != TYPE_4232H && ftdic.type != TYPE_232H) {
618 		msg_pdbg("FTDI chip type %d is not high-speed.\n", ftdic.type);
619 		clock_5x = false;
620 	}
621 
622 	if (ftdi_usb_reset(&ftdic) < 0) {
623 		msg_perr("Unable to reset FTDI device (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
624 	}
625 
626 	if (ftdi_set_latency_timer(&ftdic, 2) < 0) {
627 		msg_perr("Unable to set latency timer (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
628 	}
629 
630 	if (ftdi_set_bitmode(&ftdic, 0x00, BITMODE_BITBANG_SPI) < 0) {
631 		msg_perr("Unable to set bitmode to SPI (%s).\n", ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
632 	}
633 
634 	if (clock_5x) {
635 		msg_pdbg("Disable divide-by-5 front stage\n");
636 		buf[0] = DIS_DIV_5;
637 		if (send_buf(&ftdic, buf, 1)) {
638 			ret = -5;
639 			goto ftdi_err;
640 		}
641 		mpsse_clk = 60.0;
642 	} else {
643 		mpsse_clk = 12.0;
644 	}
645 
646 	msg_pdbg("Set clock divisor\n");
647 	buf[0] = TCK_DIVISOR;
648 	buf[1] = (divisor / 2 - 1) & 0xff;
649 	buf[2] = ((divisor / 2 - 1) >> 8) & 0xff;
650 	if (send_buf(&ftdic, buf, 3)) {
651 		ret = -6;
652 		goto ftdi_err;
653 	}
654 
655 	msg_pdbg("MPSSE clock: %f MHz, divisor: %u, SPI clock: %f MHz\n",
656 		 mpsse_clk, divisor, (double)(mpsse_clk / divisor));
657 
658 	/* Disconnect TDI/DO to TDO/DI for loopback. */
659 	msg_pdbg("No loopback of TDI/DO TDO/DI\n");
660 	buf[0] = LOOPBACK_END;
661 	if (send_buf(&ftdic, buf, 1)) {
662 		ret = -7;
663 		goto ftdi_err;
664 	}
665 
666 	msg_pdbg("Set data bits\n");
667 	buf[0] = SET_BITS_LOW;
668 	buf[1] = cs_bits | aux_bits;
669 	buf[2] = pindir;
670 	if (send_buf(&ftdic, buf, 3)) {
671 		ret = -8;
672 		goto ftdi_err;
673 	}
674 
675 	if (pindir_high) {
676 		msg_pdbg("Set data bits HighByte\n");
677 		buf[0] = SET_BITS_HIGH;
678 		buf[1] = aux_bits_high;
679 		buf[2] = pindir_high;
680 		if (send_buf(&ftdic, buf, 3)) {
681 			ret = -8;
682 			goto ftdi_err;
683 		}
684 	}
685 
686 	spi_data = calloc(1, sizeof(*spi_data));
687 	if (!spi_data) {
688 		msg_perr("Unable to allocate space for SPI master data\n");
689 		return SPI_GENERIC_ERROR;
690 	}
691 	spi_data->cs_bits = cs_bits;
692 	spi_data->aux_bits = aux_bits;
693 	spi_data->pindir = pindir;
694 	spi_data->ftdic_context = ftdic;
695 
696 	return register_spi_master(&spi_master_ft2232, spi_data);
697 
698 ftdi_err:
699 	if ((f = ftdi_usb_close(&ftdic)) < 0) {
700 		msg_perr("Unable to close FTDI device: %d (%s)\n", f,
701 		         ftdi_get_error_string(&ftdic));
702 	}
703 	return ret;
704 }
705 
706 const struct programmer_entry programmer_ft2232_spi = {
707 	.name			= "ft2232_spi",
708 	.type			= USB,
709 	.devs.dev		= devs_ft2232spi,
710 	.init			= ft2232_spi_init,
711 };
712