xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/coreboot/Documentation/getting_started/build_system.md (revision b9411a12aaaa7e1e6a6fb7c5e057f44ee179a49c)
1# The coreboot build system
2(this document is still incomplete and will be filled in over time)
3
4## General operation
5The coreboot build system is based on GNU make but extends it significantly
6to the point of providing its own custom language.
7The overhead of learning this new syntax is (hopefully) offset by its lower
8complexity.
9
10The build system is defined in the toplevel `Makefile` and `toolchain.mk`
11and is supposed to be generic (and is in fact used with a number of other
12projects).  Project specific configuration should reside in files called
13`Makefile.mk`.
14
15In general, the build system provides a number of "classes" that describe
16various parts of the build. These cover the various build targets in coreboot
17such as the stages, subdirectories with more source code, and the general
18addition of files.
19
20Each class has a name (eg. `romstage`, `subdirs`, `cbfs-files`) and is used
21by filling in a variable of that name followed by `-y` (eg. `romstage-y`,
22`subdirs-y`, `cbfs-files-y`).
23The `-y` suffix allows a simple interaction with our Kconfig build
24configuration system: Kconfig options are available as variables starting
25with a `CONFIG_` prefix and boolean options contain `y`, `n` or are empty.
26
27This allows `class-$(CONFIG_FOO) += bar` to conditionally add `bar` to
28`class` depending on the choice for `FOO`.
29
30## classes
31Classes can be defined as required. `subdirs` is handled internally since
32it's parsed per subdirectory to add further directories to the rule set.
33
34TODO: explain how to create new classes and how to evaluate them.
35
36### subdirs
37`subdirs` contains subdirectories (relative to the current directory) that
38should also be handled by the build system. The build system expects these
39directories to contain a file called `Makefile.mk`.
40
41Subdirectories are not read at the point where the `subdirs` statement
42resides but later, after the current directory is handled (and potentially
43others, too).
44
45### cbfs-files
46This class is used to add files to the final CBFS image. Since several more
47options need to be maintained than can comfortably fit in that single
48variable, additional variables are used.
49
50`cbfs-files-y` contains the file name used in the CBFS image (called `foo`
51here). Additional options are added in `foo-$(option)` variables. The
52supported options are:
53
54*  `file`: The on-disk file to add as `foo` (required)
55*  `type`: The file type. Can be `raw`, `stage`, `payload`, and `flat-binary`
56   (required)
57*  `compression`: Can be `none` or `lzma` (default: none)
58*  `position`: An absolute position constraint for the placement of the file
59   (default: none)
60*  `align`: Minimum alignment for the file (default: none)
61*  `options`: Additional cbfstool options (default: none)
62
63`position` and `align` are mutually exclusive.
64
65### Adding Makefile fragments
66
67You can use the `add_intermediate` helper to add new post-processing steps for
68the final `coreboot.rom` image. For example you can add new files to CBFS by
69adding something like this to `site-local/Makefile.mk`
70
71```
72$(call add_intermediate, add_mrc_data)
73	$(CBFSTOOL) $< write -r RW_MRC_CACHE -f site-local/my-mrc-recording.bin
74```
75
76Note that the second line must start with a tab, not spaces.
77
78```{eval-rst}
79See also :doc:`../tutorial/managing_local_additions`.
80```
81
82#### FMAP region support
83With the addition of FMAP flash partitioning support to coreboot, there was a
84need to extend the specification of files to provide more precise control
85which regions should contain which files, and even change some flags based on
86the region.
87
88Since FMAP policies depend on features using FMAP, that's kept separate from
89the cbfs-files class.
90
91The `position` and `align` options for file `foo` can be overwritten for a
92region `REGION` using `foo-REGION-position` and `foo-REGION-align`.
93
94The regions that each file should end in can be defined by overriding a
95function called `regions-for-file` that's called as
96`$(call regions-for-file,$(filename))` and should return a comma-separated
97list of regions, such as `REGION1,REGION2,REGION3`.
98
99The default implementation just returns `COREBOOT` (the default region) for
100all files.
101
102vboot provides its own implementation of `regions-for-file` that can be used
103as reference in `src/vboot/Makefile.mk`.
104