xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/bazelbuild-rules_rust/docs/rust_proto.vm (revision d4726bddaa87cc4778e7472feed243fa4b6c267f)
1#[[
2## Overview
3These build rules are used for building [protobufs][protobuf]/[gRPC][grpc] in [Rust][rust] with Bazel.
4
5There are two rule sets. The first ruleset defines the `rust_prost_library` which generates Rust code
6using the [`prost`] and [`tonic`] dependencies. The second ruleset defines the `rust_proto_library` and
7`rust_grpc_library` rules which generate Rust code using the [`rust-protobuf`] dependencies.
8
9[rust]: http://www.rust-lang.org/
10[protobuf]: https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
11[grpc]: https://grpc.io
12[`rust-protobuf`]: https://github.com/stepancheg/rust-protobuf/
13
14See the [protobuf example](../examples/proto) for a more complete example of use.
15
16### Prost Setup
17
18```python
19load("@rules_rust//proto/prost:repositories.bzl", "rust_prost_dependencies")
20
21rust_prost_dependencies()
22
23load("@rules_rust//proto/prost:transitive_repositories.bzl", "rust_prost_transitive_repositories")
24
25rust_prost_transitive_repositories()
26```
27
28The `prost` and `tonic` rules do not specify a default toolchain in order to avoid mismatched
29dependency issues. To setup the `prost` and `tonic` toolchain, please see the section
30[Customizing `prost` and `tonic` Dependencies](#custom-prost-deps).
31
32For additional information about Bazel toolchains, see [here](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/toolchains.html).
33
34#### <a name="custom-prost-deps">Customizing `prost` and `tonic` Dependencies
35
36These rules depend on the [`prost`] and [`tonic`] dependencies. To setup the necessary toolchain
37for these rules, you must define a toolchain with the [`prost`], [`prost-types`], [`tonic`], [`protoc-gen-prost`], and [`protoc-gen-tonic`] crates as well as the [`protoc`] binary.
38
39[`prost`]: https://crates.io/crates/prost
40[`prost-types`]: https://crates.io/crates/prost-types
41[`protoc-gen-prost`]: https://crates.io/crates/protoc-gen-prost
42[`protoc-gen-tonic`]: https://crates.io/crates/protoc-gen-tonic
43[`tonic`]: https://crates.io/crates/tonic
44[`protoc`]: https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
45
46To get access to these crates, you can use the [crate_universe](./crate_universe.md) repository
47rules. For example:
48
49```python
50load("//crate_universe:defs.bzl", "crate", "crates_repository")
51
52crates_repository(
53    name = "crates_io",
54    annotations = {
55        "protoc-gen-prost": [crate.annotation(
56            gen_binaries = ["protoc-gen-prost"],
57            patch_args = [
58                "-p1",
59            ],
60            patches = [
61                # Note: You will need to use this patch until a version greater than `0.2.2` of
62                # `protoc-gen-prost` is released.
63                "@rules_rust//proto/prost/private/3rdparty/patches:protoc-gen-prost.patch",
64            ],
65        )],
66        "protoc-gen-tonic": [crate.annotation(
67            gen_binaries = ["protoc-gen-tonic"],
68        )],
69    },
70    cargo_lockfile = "Cargo.Bazel.lock",
71    mode = "remote",
72    packages = {
73        "prost": crate.spec(
74            version = "0",
75        ),
76        "prost-types": crate.spec(
77            version = "0",
78        ),
79        "protoc-gen-prost": crate.spec(
80            version = "0",
81        ),
82        "protoc-gen-tonic": crate.spec(
83            version = "0",
84        ),
85        "tonic": crate.spec(
86            version = "0",
87        ),
88    },
89    repository_name = "rules_rust_prost",
90    tags = ["manual"],
91)
92```
93
94You can then define a toolchain with the `rust_prost_toolchain` rule which uses the crates
95defined above. For example:
96
97```python
98load("@rules_rust//proto/prost:defs.bzl", "rust_prost_toolchain")
99load("@rules_rust//rust:defs.bzl", "rust_library_group")
100
101rust_library_group(
102    name = "prost_runtime",
103    deps = [
104        "@crates_io//:prost",
105    ],
106)
107
108rust_library_group(
109    name = "tonic_runtime",
110    deps = [
111        ":prost_runtime",
112        "@crates_io//:tonic",
113    ],
114)
115
116rust_prost_toolchain(
117    name = "prost_toolchain_impl",
118    prost_plugin = "@crates_io//:protoc-gen-prost__protoc-gen-prost",
119    prost_runtime = ":prost_runtime",
120    prost_types = "@crates_io//:prost-types",
121    proto_compiler = "@com_google_protobuf//:protoc",
122    tonic_plugin = "@crates_io//:protoc-gen-tonic__protoc-gen-tonic",
123    tonic_runtime = ":tonic_runtime",
124)
125
126toolchain(
127    name = "prost_toolchain",
128    toolchain = "prost_toolchain_impl",
129    toolchain_type = "@rules_rust//proto/prost:toolchain_type",
130)
131```
132
133Lastly, you must register the toolchain in your `WORKSPACE` file. For example:
134
135```python
136register_toolchains("//toolchains:prost_toolchain")
137```
138
139## Rust-Protobuf Setup
140
141To use the Rust proto rules, add the following to your `WORKSPACE` file to add the
142external repositories for the Rust proto toolchain (in addition to the [rust rules setup](..)):
143
144```python
145load("@rules_rust//proto/protobuf:repositories.bzl", "rust_proto_protobuf_dependencies", "rust_proto_protobuf_register_toolchains")
146
147rust_proto_protobuf_dependencies()
148
149rust_proto_protobuf_register_toolchains()
150
151load("@rules_rust//proto/protobuf:transitive_repositories.bzl", "rust_proto_protobuf_transitive_repositories")
152
153rust_proto_protobuf_transitive_repositories()
154```
155
156This will load the required dependencies for the [`rust-protobuf`] rules. It will also
157register a default toolchain for the `rust_proto_library` and `rust_grpc_library` rules.
158
159To customize the `rust_proto_library` and `rust_grpc_library` toolchain, please see the section
160[Customizing `rust-protobuf` Dependencies](#custom-proto-deps).
161
162For additional information about Bazel toolchains, see [here](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/toolchains.html).
163
164#### <a name="custom-proto-deps">Customizing `rust-protobuf` Dependencies
165
166These rules depend on the [`protobuf`](https://crates.io/crates/protobuf) and
167the [`grpc`](https://crates.io/crates/grpc) crates in addition to the [protobuf
168compiler](https://github.com/google/protobuf). To obtain these crates,
169`rust_proto_repositories` imports the given crates using BUILD files generated with
170[crate_universe](./crate_universe.md).
171
172If you want to either change the protobuf and gRPC rust compilers, or to
173simply use [crate_universe](./crate_universe.md) in a more
174complex scenario (with more dependencies), you must redefine those
175dependencies.
176
177To do this, once you've imported the needed dependencies (see our
178[@rules_rust//proto/3rdparty/BUILD.bazel](https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_rust/blob/main/proto/3rdparty/BUILD.bazel)
179file to see the default dependencies), you need to create your own toolchain.
180To do so you can create a BUILD file with your toolchain definition, for example:
181
182```python
183load("@rules_rust//proto:toolchain.bzl", "rust_proto_toolchain")
184
185rust_proto_toolchain(
186    name = "proto-toolchain-impl",
187    # Path to the protobuf compiler.
188    protoc = "@com_google_protobuf//:protoc",
189    # Protobuf compiler plugin to generate rust gRPC stubs.
190    grpc_plugin = "//3rdparty/crates:cargo_bin_protoc_gen_rust_grpc",
191    # Protobuf compiler plugin to generate rust protobuf stubs.
192    proto_plugin = "//3rdparty/crates:cargo_bin_protoc_gen_rust",
193)
194
195toolchain(
196    name = "proto-toolchain",
197    toolchain = ":proto-toolchain-impl",
198    toolchain_type = "@rules_rust//proto/protobuf:toolchain_type",
199)
200```
201
202Now that you have your own toolchain, you need to register it by
203inserting the following statement in your `WORKSPACE` file:
204
205```python
206register_toolchains("//my/toolchains:proto-toolchain")
207```
208
209Finally, you might want to set the `rust_deps` attribute in
210`rust_proto_library` and `rust_grpc_library` to change the compile-time
211dependencies:
212
213```python
214rust_proto_library(
215    ...
216    rust_deps = ["//3rdparty/crates:protobuf"],
217    ...
218)
219
220rust_grpc_library(
221    ...
222    rust_deps = [
223        "//3rdparty/crates:protobuf",
224        "//3rdparty/crates:grpc",
225        "//3rdparty/crates:tls_api",
226        "//3rdparty/crates:tls_api_stub",
227    ],
228    ...
229)
230```
231
232__Note__: Ideally, we would inject those dependencies from the toolchain,
233but due to [bazelbuild/bazel#6889](https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/6889)
234all dependencies added via the toolchain ends-up being in the wrong
235configuration.
236
237---
238---
239
240]]#
241