1// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
2// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
3// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
4
5// Windows system calls.
6
7package windows
8
9import (
10	errorspkg "errors"
11	"fmt"
12	"runtime"
13	"sync"
14	"syscall"
15	"time"
16	"unicode/utf16"
17	"unsafe"
18)
19
20type Handle uintptr
21type HWND uintptr
22
23const (
24	InvalidHandle = ^Handle(0)
25	InvalidHWND   = ^HWND(0)
26
27	// Flags for DefineDosDevice.
28	DDD_EXACT_MATCH_ON_REMOVE = 0x00000004
29	DDD_NO_BROADCAST_SYSTEM   = 0x00000008
30	DDD_RAW_TARGET_PATH       = 0x00000001
31	DDD_REMOVE_DEFINITION     = 0x00000002
32
33	// Return values for GetDriveType.
34	DRIVE_UNKNOWN     = 0
35	DRIVE_NO_ROOT_DIR = 1
36	DRIVE_REMOVABLE   = 2
37	DRIVE_FIXED       = 3
38	DRIVE_REMOTE      = 4
39	DRIVE_CDROM       = 5
40	DRIVE_RAMDISK     = 6
41
42	// File system flags from GetVolumeInformation and GetVolumeInformationByHandle.
43	FILE_CASE_SENSITIVE_SEARCH        = 0x00000001
44	FILE_CASE_PRESERVED_NAMES         = 0x00000002
45	FILE_FILE_COMPRESSION             = 0x00000010
46	FILE_DAX_VOLUME                   = 0x20000000
47	FILE_NAMED_STREAMS                = 0x00040000
48	FILE_PERSISTENT_ACLS              = 0x00000008
49	FILE_READ_ONLY_VOLUME             = 0x00080000
50	FILE_SEQUENTIAL_WRITE_ONCE        = 0x00100000
51	FILE_SUPPORTS_ENCRYPTION          = 0x00020000
52	FILE_SUPPORTS_EXTENDED_ATTRIBUTES = 0x00800000
53	FILE_SUPPORTS_HARD_LINKS          = 0x00400000
54	FILE_SUPPORTS_OBJECT_IDS          = 0x00010000
55	FILE_SUPPORTS_OPEN_BY_FILE_ID     = 0x01000000
56	FILE_SUPPORTS_REPARSE_POINTS      = 0x00000080
57	FILE_SUPPORTS_SPARSE_FILES        = 0x00000040
58	FILE_SUPPORTS_TRANSACTIONS        = 0x00200000
59	FILE_SUPPORTS_USN_JOURNAL         = 0x02000000
60	FILE_UNICODE_ON_DISK              = 0x00000004
61	FILE_VOLUME_IS_COMPRESSED         = 0x00008000
62	FILE_VOLUME_QUOTAS                = 0x00000020
63
64	// Flags for LockFileEx.
65	LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY = 0x00000001
66	LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK   = 0x00000002
67
68	// Return value of SleepEx and other APC functions
69	WAIT_IO_COMPLETION = 0x000000C0
70)
71
72// StringToUTF16 is deprecated. Use UTF16FromString instead.
73// If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
74// returning an error.
75func StringToUTF16(s string) []uint16 {
76	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
77	if err != nil {
78		panic("windows: string with NUL passed to StringToUTF16")
79	}
80	return a
81}
82
83// UTF16FromString returns the UTF-16 encoding of the UTF-8 string
84// s, with a terminating NUL added. If s contains a NUL byte at any
85// location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
86func UTF16FromString(s string) ([]uint16, error) {
87	return syscall.UTF16FromString(s)
88}
89
90// UTF16ToString returns the UTF-8 encoding of the UTF-16 sequence s,
91// with a terminating NUL and any bytes after the NUL removed.
92func UTF16ToString(s []uint16) string {
93	return syscall.UTF16ToString(s)
94}
95
96// StringToUTF16Ptr is deprecated. Use UTF16PtrFromString instead.
97// If s contains a NUL byte this function panics instead of
98// returning an error.
99func StringToUTF16Ptr(s string) *uint16 { return &StringToUTF16(s)[0] }
100
101// UTF16PtrFromString returns pointer to the UTF-16 encoding of
102// the UTF-8 string s, with a terminating NUL added. If s
103// contains a NUL byte at any location, it returns (nil, syscall.EINVAL).
104func UTF16PtrFromString(s string) (*uint16, error) {
105	a, err := UTF16FromString(s)
106	if err != nil {
107		return nil, err
108	}
109	return &a[0], nil
110}
111
112// UTF16PtrToString takes a pointer to a UTF-16 sequence and returns the corresponding UTF-8 encoded string.
113// If the pointer is nil, it returns the empty string. It assumes that the UTF-16 sequence is terminated
114// at a zero word; if the zero word is not present, the program may crash.
115func UTF16PtrToString(p *uint16) string {
116	if p == nil {
117		return ""
118	}
119	if *p == 0 {
120		return ""
121	}
122
123	// Find NUL terminator.
124	n := 0
125	for ptr := unsafe.Pointer(p); *(*uint16)(ptr) != 0; n++ {
126		ptr = unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(ptr) + unsafe.Sizeof(*p))
127	}
128	return UTF16ToString(unsafe.Slice(p, n))
129}
130
131func Getpagesize() int { return 4096 }
132
133// NewCallback converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the stdcall calling convention.
134// This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
135// The argument is expected to be a function with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
136func NewCallback(fn interface{}) uintptr {
137	return syscall.NewCallback(fn)
138}
139
140// NewCallbackCDecl converts a Go function to a function pointer conforming to the cdecl calling convention.
141// This is useful when interoperating with Windows code requiring callbacks.
142// The argument is expected to be a function with one uintptr-sized result. The function must not have arguments with size larger than the size of uintptr.
143func NewCallbackCDecl(fn interface{}) uintptr {
144	return syscall.NewCallbackCDecl(fn)
145}
146
147// windows api calls
148
149//sys	GetLastError() (lasterr error)
150//sys	LoadLibrary(libname string) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryW
151//sys	LoadLibraryEx(libname string, zero Handle, flags uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = LoadLibraryExW
152//sys	FreeLibrary(handle Handle) (err error)
153//sys	GetProcAddress(module Handle, procname string) (proc uintptr, err error)
154//sys	GetModuleFileName(module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW
155//sys	GetModuleHandleEx(flags uint32, moduleName *uint16, module *Handle) (err error) = kernel32.GetModuleHandleExW
156//sys	SetDefaultDllDirectories(directoryFlags uint32) (err error)
157//sys	AddDllDirectory(path *uint16) (cookie uintptr, err error) = kernel32.AddDllDirectory
158//sys	RemoveDllDirectory(cookie uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.RemoveDllDirectory
159//sys	SetDllDirectory(path string) (err error) = kernel32.SetDllDirectoryW
160//sys	GetVersion() (ver uint32, err error)
161//sys	FormatMessage(flags uint32, msgsrc uintptr, msgid uint32, langid uint32, buf []uint16, args *byte) (n uint32, err error) = FormatMessageW
162//sys	ExitProcess(exitcode uint32)
163//sys	IsWow64Process(handle Handle, isWow64 *bool) (err error) = IsWow64Process
164//sys	IsWow64Process2(handle Handle, processMachine *uint16, nativeMachine *uint16) (err error) = IsWow64Process2?
165//sys	CreateFile(name *uint16, access uint32, mode uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes, createmode uint32, attrs uint32, templatefile Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateFileW
166//sys	CreateNamedPipe(name *uint16, flags uint32, pipeMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, outSize uint32, inSize uint32, defaultTimeout uint32, sa *SecurityAttributes) (handle Handle, err error)  [failretval==InvalidHandle] = CreateNamedPipeW
167//sys	ConnectNamedPipe(pipe Handle, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
168//sys	DisconnectNamedPipe(pipe Handle) (err error)
169//sys	GetNamedPipeInfo(pipe Handle, flags *uint32, outSize *uint32, inSize *uint32, maxInstances *uint32) (err error)
170//sys	GetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, curInstances *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32, userName *uint16, maxUserNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetNamedPipeHandleStateW
171//sys	SetNamedPipeHandleState(pipe Handle, state *uint32, maxCollectionCount *uint32, collectDataTimeout *uint32) (err error) = SetNamedPipeHandleState
172//sys	readFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = ReadFile
173//sys	writeFile(handle Handle, buf []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = WriteFile
174//sys	GetOverlappedResult(handle Handle, overlapped *Overlapped, done *uint32, wait bool) (err error)
175//sys	SetFilePointer(handle Handle, lowoffset int32, highoffsetptr *int32, whence uint32) (newlowoffset uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
176//sys	CloseHandle(handle Handle) (err error)
177//sys	GetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle]
178//sys	SetStdHandle(stdhandle uint32, handle Handle) (err error)
179//sys	findFirstFile1(name *uint16, data *win32finddata1) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstFileW
180//sys	findNextFile1(handle Handle, data *win32finddata1) (err error) = FindNextFileW
181//sys	FindClose(handle Handle) (err error)
182//sys	GetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, data *ByHandleFileInformation) (err error)
183//sys	GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle Handle, class uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferLen uint32) (err error)
184//sys	SetFileInformationByHandle(handle Handle, class uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32) (err error)
185//sys	GetCurrentDirectory(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetCurrentDirectoryW
186//sys	SetCurrentDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = SetCurrentDirectoryW
187//sys	CreateDirectory(path *uint16, sa *SecurityAttributes) (err error) = CreateDirectoryW
188//sys	RemoveDirectory(path *uint16) (err error) = RemoveDirectoryW
189//sys	DeleteFile(path *uint16) (err error) = DeleteFileW
190//sys	MoveFile(from *uint16, to *uint16) (err error) = MoveFileW
191//sys	MoveFileEx(from *uint16, to *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) = MoveFileExW
192//sys	LockFileEx(file Handle, flags uint32, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
193//sys	UnlockFileEx(file Handle, reserved uint32, bytesLow uint32, bytesHigh uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
194//sys	GetComputerName(buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameW
195//sys	GetComputerNameEx(nametype uint32, buf *uint16, n *uint32) (err error) = GetComputerNameExW
196//sys	SetEndOfFile(handle Handle) (err error)
197//sys	SetFileValidData(handle Handle, validDataLength int64) (err error)
198//sys	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
199//sys	GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime(time *Filetime)
200//sys	GetTimeZoneInformation(tzi *Timezoneinformation) (rc uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
201//sys	CreateIoCompletionPort(filehandle Handle, cphandle Handle, key uintptr, threadcnt uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
202//sys	GetQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty *uint32, key *uintptr, overlapped **Overlapped, timeout uint32) (err error)
203//sys	PostQueuedCompletionStatus(cphandle Handle, qty uint32, key uintptr, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
204//sys	CancelIo(s Handle) (err error)
205//sys	CancelIoEx(s Handle, o *Overlapped) (err error)
206//sys	CreateProcess(appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = CreateProcessW
207//sys	CreateProcessAsUser(token Token, appName *uint16, commandLine *uint16, procSecurity *SecurityAttributes, threadSecurity *SecurityAttributes, inheritHandles bool, creationFlags uint32, env *uint16, currentDir *uint16, startupInfo *StartupInfo, outProcInfo *ProcessInformation) (err error) = advapi32.CreateProcessAsUserW
208//sys   initializeProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, attrcount uint32, flags uint32, size *uintptr) (err error) = InitializeProcThreadAttributeList
209//sys   deleteProcThreadAttributeList(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList) = DeleteProcThreadAttributeList
210//sys   updateProcThreadAttribute(attrlist *ProcThreadAttributeList, flags uint32, attr uintptr, value unsafe.Pointer, size uintptr, prevvalue unsafe.Pointer, returnedsize *uintptr) (err error) = UpdateProcThreadAttribute
211//sys	OpenProcess(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
212//sys	ShellExecute(hwnd Handle, verb *uint16, file *uint16, args *uint16, cwd *uint16, showCmd int32) (err error) [failretval<=32] = shell32.ShellExecuteW
213//sys	GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd HWND, pid *uint32) (tid uint32, err error) = user32.GetWindowThreadProcessId
214//sys	GetShellWindow() (shellWindow HWND) = user32.GetShellWindow
215//sys	MessageBox(hwnd HWND, text *uint16, caption *uint16, boxtype uint32) (ret int32, err error) [failretval==0] = user32.MessageBoxW
216//sys	ExitWindowsEx(flags uint32, reason uint32) (err error) = user32.ExitWindowsEx
217//sys	shGetKnownFolderPath(id *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32, token Token, path **uint16) (ret error) = shell32.SHGetKnownFolderPath
218//sys	TerminateProcess(handle Handle, exitcode uint32) (err error)
219//sys	GetExitCodeProcess(handle Handle, exitcode *uint32) (err error)
220//sys	getStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) = GetStartupInfoW
221//sys	GetProcessTimes(handle Handle, creationTime *Filetime, exitTime *Filetime, kernelTime *Filetime, userTime *Filetime) (err error)
222//sys	DuplicateHandle(hSourceProcessHandle Handle, hSourceHandle Handle, hTargetProcessHandle Handle, lpTargetHandle *Handle, dwDesiredAccess uint32, bInheritHandle bool, dwOptions uint32) (err error)
223//sys	WaitForSingleObject(handle Handle, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff]
224//sys	waitForMultipleObjects(count uint32, handles uintptr, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = WaitForMultipleObjects
225//sys	GetTempPath(buflen uint32, buf *uint16) (n uint32, err error) = GetTempPathW
226//sys	CreatePipe(readhandle *Handle, writehandle *Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, size uint32) (err error)
227//sys	GetFileType(filehandle Handle) (n uint32, err error)
228//sys	CryptAcquireContext(provhandle *Handle, container *uint16, provider *uint16, provtype uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptAcquireContextW
229//sys	CryptReleaseContext(provhandle Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = advapi32.CryptReleaseContext
230//sys	CryptGenRandom(provhandle Handle, buflen uint32, buf *byte) (err error) = advapi32.CryptGenRandom
231//sys	GetEnvironmentStrings() (envs *uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = kernel32.GetEnvironmentStringsW
232//sys	FreeEnvironmentStrings(envs *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.FreeEnvironmentStringsW
233//sys	GetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, buffer *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetEnvironmentVariableW
234//sys	SetEnvironmentVariable(name *uint16, value *uint16) (err error) = kernel32.SetEnvironmentVariableW
235//sys	ExpandEnvironmentStrings(src *uint16, dst *uint16, size uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.ExpandEnvironmentStringsW
236//sys	CreateEnvironmentBlock(block **uint16, token Token, inheritExisting bool) (err error) = userenv.CreateEnvironmentBlock
237//sys	DestroyEnvironmentBlock(block *uint16) (err error) = userenv.DestroyEnvironmentBlock
238//sys	getTickCount64() (ms uint64) = kernel32.GetTickCount64
239//sys   GetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
240//sys	SetFileTime(handle Handle, ctime *Filetime, atime *Filetime, wtime *Filetime) (err error)
241//sys	GetFileAttributes(name *uint16) (attrs uint32, err error) [failretval==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES] = kernel32.GetFileAttributesW
242//sys	SetFileAttributes(name *uint16, attrs uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
243//sys	GetFileAttributesEx(name *uint16, level uint32, info *byte) (err error) = kernel32.GetFileAttributesExW
244//sys	GetCommandLine() (cmd *uint16) = kernel32.GetCommandLineW
245//sys	commandLineToArgv(cmd *uint16, argc *int32) (argv **uint16, err error) [failretval==nil] = shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
246//sys	LocalFree(hmem Handle) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval!=0]
247//sys	LocalAlloc(flags uint32, length uint32) (ptr uintptr, err error)
248//sys	SetHandleInformation(handle Handle, mask uint32, flags uint32) (err error)
249//sys	FlushFileBuffers(handle Handle) (err error)
250//sys	GetFullPathName(path *uint16, buflen uint32, buf *uint16, fname **uint16) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFullPathNameW
251//sys	GetLongPathName(path *uint16, buf *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetLongPathNameW
252//sys	GetShortPathName(longpath *uint16, shortpath *uint16, buflen uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
253//sys	GetFinalPathNameByHandle(file Handle, filePath *uint16, filePathSize uint32, flags uint32) (n uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetFinalPathNameByHandleW
254//sys	CreateFileMapping(fhandle Handle, sa *SecurityAttributes, prot uint32, maxSizeHigh uint32, maxSizeLow uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateFileMappingW
255//sys	MapViewOfFile(handle Handle, access uint32, offsetHigh uint32, offsetLow uint32, length uintptr) (addr uintptr, err error)
256//sys	UnmapViewOfFile(addr uintptr) (err error)
257//sys	FlushViewOfFile(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
258//sys	VirtualLock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
259//sys	VirtualUnlock(addr uintptr, length uintptr) (err error)
260//sys	VirtualAlloc(address uintptr, size uintptr, alloctype uint32, protect uint32) (value uintptr, err error) = kernel32.VirtualAlloc
261//sys	VirtualFree(address uintptr, size uintptr, freetype uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualFree
262//sys	VirtualProtect(address uintptr, size uintptr, newprotect uint32, oldprotect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtect
263//sys	VirtualProtectEx(process Handle, address uintptr, size uintptr, newProtect uint32, oldProtect *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualProtectEx
264//sys	VirtualQuery(address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQuery
265//sys	VirtualQueryEx(process Handle, address uintptr, buffer *MemoryBasicInformation, length uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.VirtualQueryEx
266//sys	ReadProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesRead *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadProcessMemory
267//sys	WriteProcessMemory(process Handle, baseAddress uintptr, buffer *byte, size uintptr, numberOfBytesWritten *uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.WriteProcessMemory
268//sys	TransmitFile(s Handle, handle Handle, bytesToWrite uint32, bytsPerSend uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, transmitFileBuf *TransmitFileBuffers, flags uint32) (err error) = mswsock.TransmitFile
269//sys	ReadDirectoryChanges(handle Handle, buf *byte, buflen uint32, watchSubTree bool, mask uint32, retlen *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) = kernel32.ReadDirectoryChangesW
270//sys	FindFirstChangeNotification(path string, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.FindFirstChangeNotificationW
271//sys	FindNextChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
272//sys	FindCloseChangeNotification(handle Handle) (err error)
273//sys	CertOpenSystemStore(hprov Handle, name *uint16) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenSystemStoreW
274//sys	CertOpenStore(storeProvider uintptr, msgAndCertEncodingType uint32, cryptProv uintptr, flags uint32, para uintptr) (handle Handle, err error) = crypt32.CertOpenStore
275//sys	CertEnumCertificatesInStore(store Handle, prevContext *CertContext) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore
276//sys	CertAddCertificateContextToStore(store Handle, certContext *CertContext, addDisposition uint32, storeContext **CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertAddCertificateContextToStore
277//sys	CertCloseStore(store Handle, flags uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CertCloseStore
278//sys	CertDeleteCertificateFromStore(certContext *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertDeleteCertificateFromStore
279//sys	CertDuplicateCertificateContext(certContext *CertContext) (dupContext *CertContext) = crypt32.CertDuplicateCertificateContext
280//sys	PFXImportCertStore(pfx *CryptDataBlob, password *uint16, flags uint32) (store Handle, err error) = crypt32.PFXImportCertStore
281//sys	CertGetCertificateChain(engine Handle, leaf *CertContext, time *Filetime, additionalStore Handle, para *CertChainPara, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, chainCtx **CertChainContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertGetCertificateChain
282//sys	CertFreeCertificateChain(ctx *CertChainContext) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateChain
283//sys	CertCreateCertificateContext(certEncodingType uint32, certEncoded *byte, encodedLen uint32) (context *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertCreateCertificateContext
284//sys	CertFreeCertificateContext(ctx *CertContext) (err error) = crypt32.CertFreeCertificateContext
285//sys	CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy(policyOID uintptr, chain *CertChainContext, para *CertChainPolicyPara, status *CertChainPolicyStatus) (err error) = crypt32.CertVerifyCertificateChainPolicy
286//sys	CertGetNameString(certContext *CertContext, nameType uint32, flags uint32, typePara unsafe.Pointer, name *uint16, size uint32) (chars uint32) = crypt32.CertGetNameStringW
287//sys	CertFindExtension(objId *byte, countExtensions uint32, extensions *CertExtension) (ret *CertExtension) = crypt32.CertFindExtension
288//sys   CertFindCertificateInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevCertContext *CertContext) (cert *CertContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindCertificateInStore
289//sys   CertFindChainInStore(store Handle, certEncodingType uint32, findFlags uint32, findType uint32, findPara unsafe.Pointer, prevChainContext *CertChainContext) (certchain *CertChainContext, err error) [failretval==nil] = crypt32.CertFindChainInStore
290//sys   CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey(cert *CertContext, flags uint32, parameters unsafe.Pointer, cryptProvOrNCryptKey *Handle, keySpec *uint32, callerFreeProvOrNCryptKey *bool) (err error) = crypt32.CryptAcquireCertificatePrivateKey
291//sys	CryptQueryObject(objectType uint32, object unsafe.Pointer, expectedContentTypeFlags uint32, expectedFormatTypeFlags uint32, flags uint32, msgAndCertEncodingType *uint32, contentType *uint32, formatType *uint32, certStore *Handle, msg *Handle, context *unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = crypt32.CryptQueryObject
292//sys	CryptDecodeObject(encodingType uint32, structType *byte, encodedBytes *byte, lenEncodedBytes uint32, flags uint32, decoded unsafe.Pointer, decodedLen *uint32) (err error) = crypt32.CryptDecodeObject
293//sys	CryptProtectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name *uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptProtectData
294//sys	CryptUnprotectData(dataIn *DataBlob, name **uint16, optionalEntropy *DataBlob, reserved uintptr, promptStruct *CryptProtectPromptStruct, flags uint32, dataOut *DataBlob) (err error) = crypt32.CryptUnprotectData
295//sys	WinVerifyTrustEx(hwnd HWND, actionId *GUID, data *WinTrustData) (ret error) = wintrust.WinVerifyTrustEx
296//sys	RegOpenKeyEx(key Handle, subkey *uint16, options uint32, desiredAccess uint32, result *Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegOpenKeyExW
297//sys	RegCloseKey(key Handle) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegCloseKey
298//sys	RegQueryInfoKey(key Handle, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, subkeysLen *uint32, maxSubkeyLen *uint32, maxClassLen *uint32, valuesLen *uint32, maxValueNameLen *uint32, maxValueLen *uint32, saLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryInfoKeyW
299//sys	RegEnumKeyEx(key Handle, index uint32, name *uint16, nameLen *uint32, reserved *uint32, class *uint16, classLen *uint32, lastWriteTime *Filetime) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegEnumKeyExW
300//sys	RegQueryValueEx(key Handle, name *uint16, reserved *uint32, valtype *uint32, buf *byte, buflen *uint32) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
301//sys	RegNotifyChangeKeyValue(key Handle, watchSubtree bool, notifyFilter uint32, event Handle, asynchronous bool) (regerrno error) = advapi32.RegNotifyChangeKeyValue
302//sys	GetCurrentProcessId() (pid uint32) = kernel32.GetCurrentProcessId
303//sys	ProcessIdToSessionId(pid uint32, sessionid *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.ProcessIdToSessionId
304//sys	ClosePseudoConsole(console Handle) = kernel32.ClosePseudoConsole
305//sys	createPseudoConsole(size uint32, in Handle, out Handle, flags uint32, pconsole *Handle) (hr error) = kernel32.CreatePseudoConsole
306//sys	GetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
307//sys	SetConsoleMode(console Handle, mode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleMode
308//sys	GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(console Handle, info *ConsoleScreenBufferInfo) (err error) = kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
309//sys	setConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
310//sys	WriteConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, towrite uint32, written *uint32, reserved *byte) (err error) = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
311//sys	ReadConsole(console Handle, buf *uint16, toread uint32, read *uint32, inputControl *byte) (err error) = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
312//sys	resizePseudoConsole(pconsole Handle, size uint32) (hr error) = kernel32.ResizePseudoConsole
313//sys	CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(flags uint32, processId uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = kernel32.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot
314//sys	Module32First(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32FirstW
315//sys	Module32Next(snapshot Handle, moduleEntry *ModuleEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Module32NextW
316//sys	Process32First(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32FirstW
317//sys	Process32Next(snapshot Handle, procEntry *ProcessEntry32) (err error) = kernel32.Process32NextW
318//sys	Thread32First(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
319//sys	Thread32Next(snapshot Handle, threadEntry *ThreadEntry32) (err error)
320//sys	DeviceIoControl(handle Handle, ioControlCode uint32, inBuffer *byte, inBufferSize uint32, outBuffer *byte, outBufferSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
321// This function returns 1 byte BOOLEAN rather than the 4 byte BOOL.
322//sys	CreateSymbolicLink(symlinkfilename *uint16, targetfilename *uint16, flags uint32) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateSymbolicLinkW
323//sys	CreateHardLink(filename *uint16, existingfilename *uint16, reserved uintptr) (err error) [failretval&0xff==0] = CreateHardLinkW
324//sys	GetCurrentThreadId() (id uint32)
325//sys	CreateEvent(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, manualReset uint32, initialState uint32, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventW
326//sys	CreateEventEx(eventAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateEventExW
327//sys	OpenEvent(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenEventW
328//sys	SetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.SetEvent
329//sys	ResetEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ResetEvent
330//sys	PulseEvent(event Handle) (err error) = kernel32.PulseEvent
331//sys	CreateMutex(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, initialOwner bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexW
332//sys	CreateMutexEx(mutexAttrs *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16, flags uint32, desiredAccess uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval == 0 || e1 == ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS] = kernel32.CreateMutexExW
333//sys	OpenMutex(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.OpenMutexW
334//sys	ReleaseMutex(mutex Handle) (err error) = kernel32.ReleaseMutex
335//sys	SleepEx(milliseconds uint32, alertable bool) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SleepEx
336//sys	CreateJobObject(jobAttr *SecurityAttributes, name *uint16) (handle Handle, err error) = kernel32.CreateJobObjectW
337//sys	AssignProcessToJobObject(job Handle, process Handle) (err error) = kernel32.AssignProcessToJobObject
338//sys	TerminateJobObject(job Handle, exitCode uint32) (err error) = kernel32.TerminateJobObject
339//sys	SetErrorMode(mode uint32) (ret uint32) = kernel32.SetErrorMode
340//sys	ResumeThread(thread Handle) (ret uint32, err error) [failretval==0xffffffff] = kernel32.ResumeThread
341//sys	SetPriorityClass(process Handle, priorityClass uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetPriorityClass
342//sys	GetPriorityClass(process Handle) (ret uint32, err error) = kernel32.GetPriorityClass
343//sys	QueryInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass int32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32, retlen *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryInformationJobObject
344//sys	SetInformationJobObject(job Handle, JobObjectInformationClass uint32, JobObjectInformation uintptr, JobObjectInformationLength uint32) (ret int, err error)
345//sys	GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent(ctrlEvent uint32, processGroupID uint32) (err error)
346//sys	GetProcessId(process Handle) (id uint32, err error)
347//sys	QueryFullProcessImageName(proc Handle, flags uint32, exeName *uint16, size *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.QueryFullProcessImageNameW
348//sys	OpenThread(desiredAccess uint32, inheritHandle bool, threadId uint32) (handle Handle, err error)
349//sys	SetProcessPriorityBoost(process Handle, disable bool) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessPriorityBoost
350//sys	GetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, lpMinimumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, lpMaximumWorkingSetSize *uintptr, flags *uint32)
351//sys	SetProcessWorkingSetSizeEx(hProcess Handle, dwMinimumWorkingSetSize uintptr, dwMaximumWorkingSetSize uintptr, flags uint32) (err error)
352//sys	ClearCommBreak(handle Handle) (err error)
353//sys	ClearCommError(handle Handle, lpErrors *uint32, lpStat *ComStat) (err error)
354//sys	EscapeCommFunction(handle Handle, dwFunc uint32) (err error)
355//sys	GetCommState(handle Handle, lpDCB *DCB) (err error)
356//sys	GetCommModemStatus(handle Handle, lpModemStat *uint32) (err error)
357//sys	GetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
358//sys	PurgeComm(handle Handle, dwFlags uint32) (err error)
359//sys	SetCommBreak(handle Handle) (err error)
360//sys	SetCommMask(handle Handle, dwEvtMask uint32) (err error)
361//sys	SetCommState(handle Handle, lpDCB *DCB) (err error)
362//sys	SetCommTimeouts(handle Handle, timeouts *CommTimeouts) (err error)
363//sys	SetupComm(handle Handle, dwInQueue uint32, dwOutQueue uint32) (err error)
364//sys	WaitCommEvent(handle Handle, lpEvtMask *uint32, lpOverlapped *Overlapped) (err error)
365//sys	GetActiveProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
366//sys	GetMaximumProcessorCount(groupNumber uint16) (ret uint32)
367//sys	EnumWindows(enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = user32.EnumWindows
368//sys	EnumChildWindows(hwnd HWND, enumFunc uintptr, param unsafe.Pointer) = user32.EnumChildWindows
369//sys	GetClassName(hwnd HWND, className *uint16, maxCount int32) (copied int32, err error) = user32.GetClassNameW
370//sys	GetDesktopWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetDesktopWindow
371//sys	GetForegroundWindow() (hwnd HWND) = user32.GetForegroundWindow
372//sys	IsWindow(hwnd HWND) (isWindow bool) = user32.IsWindow
373//sys	IsWindowUnicode(hwnd HWND) (isUnicode bool) = user32.IsWindowUnicode
374//sys	IsWindowVisible(hwnd HWND) (isVisible bool) = user32.IsWindowVisible
375//sys	GetGUIThreadInfo(thread uint32, info *GUIThreadInfo) (err error) = user32.GetGUIThreadInfo
376//sys	GetLargePageMinimum() (size uintptr)
377
378// Volume Management Functions
379//sys	DefineDosDevice(flags uint32, deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16) (err error) = DefineDosDeviceW
380//sys	DeleteVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16) (err error) = DeleteVolumeMountPointW
381//sys	FindFirstVolume(volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeW
382//sys	FindFirstVolumeMountPoint(rootPathName *uint16, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = FindFirstVolumeMountPointW
383//sys	FindNextVolume(findVolume Handle, volumeName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeW
384//sys	FindNextVolumeMountPoint(findVolumeMountPoint Handle, volumeMountPoint *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = FindNextVolumeMountPointW
385//sys	FindVolumeClose(findVolume Handle) (err error)
386//sys	FindVolumeMountPointClose(findVolumeMountPoint Handle) (err error)
387//sys	GetDiskFreeSpaceEx(directoryName *uint16, freeBytesAvailableToCaller *uint64, totalNumberOfBytes *uint64, totalNumberOfFreeBytes *uint64) (err error) = GetDiskFreeSpaceExW
388//sys	GetDriveType(rootPathName *uint16) (driveType uint32) = GetDriveTypeW
389//sys	GetLogicalDrives() (drivesBitMask uint32, err error) [failretval==0]
390//sys	GetLogicalDriveStrings(bufferLength uint32, buffer *uint16) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = GetLogicalDriveStringsW
391//sys	GetVolumeInformation(rootPathName *uint16, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationW
392//sys	GetVolumeInformationByHandle(file Handle, volumeNameBuffer *uint16, volumeNameSize uint32, volumeNameSerialNumber *uint32, maximumComponentLength *uint32, fileSystemFlags *uint32, fileSystemNameBuffer *uint16, fileSystemNameSize uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeInformationByHandleW
393//sys	GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16, bufferlength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumeNameForVolumeMountPointW
394//sys	GetVolumePathName(fileName *uint16, volumePathName *uint16, bufferLength uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNameW
395//sys	GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeName(volumeName *uint16, volumePathNames *uint16, bufferLength uint32, returnLength *uint32) (err error) = GetVolumePathNamesForVolumeNameW
396//sys	QueryDosDevice(deviceName *uint16, targetPath *uint16, max uint32) (n uint32, err error) [failretval==0] = QueryDosDeviceW
397//sys	SetVolumeLabel(rootPathName *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeLabelW
398//sys	SetVolumeMountPoint(volumeMountPoint *uint16, volumeName *uint16) (err error) = SetVolumeMountPointW
399//sys	InitiateSystemShutdownEx(machineName *uint16, message *uint16, timeout uint32, forceAppsClosed bool, rebootAfterShutdown bool, reason uint32) (err error) = advapi32.InitiateSystemShutdownExW
400//sys	SetProcessShutdownParameters(level uint32, flags uint32) (err error) = kernel32.SetProcessShutdownParameters
401//sys	GetProcessShutdownParameters(level *uint32, flags *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessShutdownParameters
402//sys	clsidFromString(lpsz *uint16, pclsid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CLSIDFromString
403//sys	stringFromGUID2(rguid *GUID, lpsz *uint16, cchMax int32) (chars int32) = ole32.StringFromGUID2
404//sys	coCreateGuid(pguid *GUID) (ret error) = ole32.CoCreateGuid
405//sys	CoTaskMemFree(address unsafe.Pointer) = ole32.CoTaskMemFree
406//sys	CoInitializeEx(reserved uintptr, coInit uint32) (ret error) = ole32.CoInitializeEx
407//sys	CoUninitialize() = ole32.CoUninitialize
408//sys	CoGetObject(name *uint16, bindOpts *BIND_OPTS3, guid *GUID, functionTable **uintptr) (ret error) = ole32.CoGetObject
409//sys	getProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetProcessPreferredUILanguages
410//sys	getThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetThreadPreferredUILanguages
411//sys	getUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetUserPreferredUILanguages
412//sys	getSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = kernel32.GetSystemPreferredUILanguages
413//sys	findResource(module Handle, name uintptr, resType uintptr) (resInfo Handle, err error) = kernel32.FindResourceW
414//sys	SizeofResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (size uint32, err error) = kernel32.SizeofResource
415//sys	LoadResource(module Handle, resInfo Handle) (resData Handle, err error) = kernel32.LoadResource
416//sys	LockResource(resData Handle) (addr uintptr, err error) = kernel32.LockResource
417
418// Version APIs
419//sys	GetFileVersionInfoSize(filename string, zeroHandle *Handle) (bufSize uint32, err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoSizeW
420//sys	GetFileVersionInfo(filename string, handle uint32, bufSize uint32, buffer unsafe.Pointer) (err error) = version.GetFileVersionInfoW
421//sys	VerQueryValue(block unsafe.Pointer, subBlock string, pointerToBufferPointer unsafe.Pointer, bufSize *uint32) (err error) = version.VerQueryValueW
422
423// Process Status API (PSAPI)
424//sys	enumProcesses(processIds *uint32, nSize uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcesses
425//sys	EnumProcessModules(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModules
426//sys	EnumProcessModulesEx(process Handle, module *Handle, cb uint32, cbNeeded *uint32, filterFlag uint32) (err error) = psapi.EnumProcessModulesEx
427//sys	GetModuleInformation(process Handle, module Handle, modinfo *ModuleInfo, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleInformation
428//sys	GetModuleFileNameEx(process Handle, module Handle, filename *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleFileNameExW
429//sys	GetModuleBaseName(process Handle, module Handle, baseName *uint16, size uint32) (err error) = psapi.GetModuleBaseNameW
430//sys   QueryWorkingSetEx(process Handle, pv uintptr, cb uint32) (err error) = psapi.QueryWorkingSetEx
431
432// NT Native APIs
433//sys	rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(ntstatus NTStatus) (ret syscall.Errno) = ntdll.RtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb
434//sys	rtlGetVersion(info *OsVersionInfoEx) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlGetVersion
435//sys	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(majorVersion *uint32, minorVersion *uint32, buildNumber *uint32) = ntdll.RtlGetNtVersionNumbers
436//sys	RtlGetCurrentPeb() (peb *PEB) = ntdll.RtlGetCurrentPeb
437//sys	RtlInitUnicodeString(destinationString *NTUnicodeString, sourceString *uint16) = ntdll.RtlInitUnicodeString
438//sys	RtlInitString(destinationString *NTString, sourceString *byte) = ntdll.RtlInitString
439//sys	NtCreateFile(handle *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, allocationSize *int64, attributes uint32, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, eabuffer uintptr, ealength uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateFile
440//sys	NtCreateNamedPipeFile(pipe *Handle, access uint32, oa *OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, share uint32, disposition uint32, options uint32, typ uint32, readMode uint32, completionMode uint32, maxInstances uint32, inboundQuota uint32, outputQuota uint32, timeout *int64) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtCreateNamedPipeFile
441//sys	NtSetInformationFile(handle Handle, iosb *IO_STATUS_BLOCK, inBuffer *byte, inBufferLen uint32, class uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationFile
442//sys	RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName_U_WithStatus
443//sys	RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName(dosName *uint16, ntName *NTUnicodeString, ntFileNamePart *uint16, relativeName *RTL_RELATIVE_NAME) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDosPathNameToRelativeNtPathName_U_WithStatus
444//sys	RtlDefaultNpAcl(acl **ACL) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.RtlDefaultNpAcl
445//sys	NtQueryInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQueryInformationProcess
446//sys	NtSetInformationProcess(proc Handle, procInfoClass int32, procInfo unsafe.Pointer, procInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetInformationProcess
447//sys	NtQuerySystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32, retLen *uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtQuerySystemInformation
448//sys	NtSetSystemInformation(sysInfoClass int32, sysInfo unsafe.Pointer, sysInfoLen uint32) (ntstatus error) = ntdll.NtSetSystemInformation
449//sys	RtlAddFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION, entryCount uint32, baseAddress uintptr) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlAddFunctionTable
450//sys	RtlDeleteFunctionTable(functionTable *RUNTIME_FUNCTION) (ret bool) = ntdll.RtlDeleteFunctionTable
451
452// Desktop Window Manager API (Dwmapi)
453//sys	DwmGetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmGetWindowAttribute
454//sys	DwmSetWindowAttribute(hwnd HWND, attribute uint32, value unsafe.Pointer, size uint32) (ret error) = dwmapi.DwmSetWindowAttribute
455
456// Windows Multimedia API
457//sys TimeBeginPeriod (period uint32) (err error) [failretval != 0] = winmm.timeBeginPeriod
458//sys TimeEndPeriod (period uint32) (err error) [failretval != 0] = winmm.timeEndPeriod
459
460// syscall interface implementation for other packages
461
462// GetCurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
463// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
464// The returned error is always nil.
465//
466// Deprecated: use CurrentProcess for the same Handle without the nil
467// error.
468func GetCurrentProcess() (Handle, error) {
469	return CurrentProcess(), nil
470}
471
472// CurrentProcess returns the handle for the current process.
473// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
474func CurrentProcess() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(1 - 1)) }
475
476// GetCurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
477// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
478// The returned error is always nil.
479//
480// Deprecated: use CurrentThread for the same Handle without the nil
481// error.
482func GetCurrentThread() (Handle, error) {
483	return CurrentThread(), nil
484}
485
486// CurrentThread returns the handle for the current thread.
487// It is a pseudo handle that does not need to be closed.
488func CurrentThread() Handle { return Handle(^uintptr(2 - 1)) }
489
490// GetProcAddressByOrdinal retrieves the address of the exported
491// function from module by ordinal.
492func GetProcAddressByOrdinal(module Handle, ordinal uintptr) (proc uintptr, err error) {
493	r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(procGetProcAddress.Addr(), 2, uintptr(module), ordinal, 0)
494	proc = uintptr(r0)
495	if proc == 0 {
496		err = errnoErr(e1)
497	}
498	return
499}
500
501func Exit(code int) { ExitProcess(uint32(code)) }
502
503func makeInheritSa() *SecurityAttributes {
504	var sa SecurityAttributes
505	sa.Length = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa))
506	sa.InheritHandle = 1
507	return &sa
508}
509
510func Open(path string, mode int, perm uint32) (fd Handle, err error) {
511	if len(path) == 0 {
512		return InvalidHandle, ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND
513	}
514	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
515	if err != nil {
516		return InvalidHandle, err
517	}
518	var access uint32
519	switch mode & (O_RDONLY | O_WRONLY | O_RDWR) {
520	case O_RDONLY:
521		access = GENERIC_READ
522	case O_WRONLY:
523		access = GENERIC_WRITE
524	case O_RDWR:
525		access = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE
526	}
527	if mode&O_CREAT != 0 {
528		access |= GENERIC_WRITE
529	}
530	if mode&O_APPEND != 0 {
531		access &^= GENERIC_WRITE
532		access |= FILE_APPEND_DATA
533	}
534	sharemode := uint32(FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE)
535	var sa *SecurityAttributes
536	if mode&O_CLOEXEC == 0 {
537		sa = makeInheritSa()
538	}
539	var createmode uint32
540	switch {
541	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_EXCL) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL):
542		createmode = CREATE_NEW
543	case mode&(O_CREAT|O_TRUNC) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC):
544		createmode = CREATE_ALWAYS
545	case mode&O_CREAT == O_CREAT:
546		createmode = OPEN_ALWAYS
547	case mode&O_TRUNC == O_TRUNC:
548		createmode = TRUNCATE_EXISTING
549	default:
550		createmode = OPEN_EXISTING
551	}
552	var attrs uint32 = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL
553	if perm&S_IWRITE == 0 {
554		attrs = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
555	}
556	h, e := CreateFile(pathp, access, sharemode, sa, createmode, attrs, 0)
557	return h, e
558}
559
560func Read(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
561	var done uint32
562	e := ReadFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
563	if e != nil {
564		if e == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE {
565			// NOTE(brainman): work around ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE is returned on reading EOF from stdin
566			return 0, nil
567		}
568		return 0, e
569	}
570	return int(done), nil
571}
572
573func Write(fd Handle, p []byte) (n int, err error) {
574	if raceenabled {
575		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
576	}
577	var done uint32
578	e := WriteFile(fd, p, &done, nil)
579	if e != nil {
580		return 0, e
581	}
582	return int(done), nil
583}
584
585func ReadFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
586	err := readFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
587	if raceenabled {
588		if *done > 0 {
589			raceWriteRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
590		}
591		raceAcquire(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
592	}
593	return err
594}
595
596func WriteFile(fd Handle, p []byte, done *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
597	if raceenabled {
598		raceReleaseMerge(unsafe.Pointer(&ioSync))
599	}
600	err := writeFile(fd, p, done, overlapped)
601	if raceenabled && *done > 0 {
602		raceReadRange(unsafe.Pointer(&p[0]), int(*done))
603	}
604	return err
605}
606
607var ioSync int64
608
609func Seek(fd Handle, offset int64, whence int) (newoffset int64, err error) {
610	var w uint32
611	switch whence {
612	case 0:
613		w = FILE_BEGIN
614	case 1:
615		w = FILE_CURRENT
616	case 2:
617		w = FILE_END
618	}
619	hi := int32(offset >> 32)
620	lo := int32(offset)
621	// use GetFileType to check pipe, pipe can't do seek
622	ft, _ := GetFileType(fd)
623	if ft == FILE_TYPE_PIPE {
624		return 0, syscall.EPIPE
625	}
626	rlo, e := SetFilePointer(fd, lo, &hi, w)
627	if e != nil {
628		return 0, e
629	}
630	return int64(hi)<<32 + int64(rlo), nil
631}
632
633func Close(fd Handle) (err error) {
634	return CloseHandle(fd)
635}
636
637var (
638	Stdin  = getStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
639	Stdout = getStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
640	Stderr = getStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE)
641)
642
643func getStdHandle(stdhandle uint32) (fd Handle) {
644	r, _ := GetStdHandle(stdhandle)
645	return r
646}
647
648const ImplementsGetwd = true
649
650func Getwd() (wd string, err error) {
651	b := make([]uint16, 300)
652	n, e := GetCurrentDirectory(uint32(len(b)), &b[0])
653	if e != nil {
654		return "", e
655	}
656	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
657}
658
659func Chdir(path string) (err error) {
660	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
661	if err != nil {
662		return err
663	}
664	return SetCurrentDirectory(pathp)
665}
666
667func Mkdir(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
668	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
669	if err != nil {
670		return err
671	}
672	return CreateDirectory(pathp, nil)
673}
674
675func Rmdir(path string) (err error) {
676	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
677	if err != nil {
678		return err
679	}
680	return RemoveDirectory(pathp)
681}
682
683func Unlink(path string) (err error) {
684	pathp, err := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
685	if err != nil {
686		return err
687	}
688	return DeleteFile(pathp)
689}
690
691func Rename(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) {
692	from, err := UTF16PtrFromString(oldpath)
693	if err != nil {
694		return err
695	}
696	to, err := UTF16PtrFromString(newpath)
697	if err != nil {
698		return err
699	}
700	return MoveFileEx(from, to, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)
701}
702
703func ComputerName() (name string, err error) {
704	var n uint32 = MAX_COMPUTERNAME_LENGTH + 1
705	b := make([]uint16, n)
706	e := GetComputerName(&b[0], &n)
707	if e != nil {
708		return "", e
709	}
710	return string(utf16.Decode(b[0:n])), nil
711}
712
713func DurationSinceBoot() time.Duration {
714	return time.Duration(getTickCount64()) * time.Millisecond
715}
716
717func Ftruncate(fd Handle, length int64) (err error) {
718	curoffset, e := Seek(fd, 0, 1)
719	if e != nil {
720		return e
721	}
722	defer Seek(fd, curoffset, 0)
723	_, e = Seek(fd, length, 0)
724	if e != nil {
725		return e
726	}
727	e = SetEndOfFile(fd)
728	if e != nil {
729		return e
730	}
731	return nil
732}
733
734func Gettimeofday(tv *Timeval) (err error) {
735	var ft Filetime
736	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft)
737	*tv = NsecToTimeval(ft.Nanoseconds())
738	return nil
739}
740
741func Pipe(p []Handle) (err error) {
742	if len(p) != 2 {
743		return syscall.EINVAL
744	}
745	var r, w Handle
746	e := CreatePipe(&r, &w, makeInheritSa(), 0)
747	if e != nil {
748		return e
749	}
750	p[0] = r
751	p[1] = w
752	return nil
753}
754
755func Utimes(path string, tv []Timeval) (err error) {
756	if len(tv) != 2 {
757		return syscall.EINVAL
758	}
759	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
760	if e != nil {
761		return e
762	}
763	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
764		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
765		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
766	if e != nil {
767		return e
768	}
769	defer CloseHandle(h)
770	a := NsecToFiletime(tv[0].Nanoseconds())
771	w := NsecToFiletime(tv[1].Nanoseconds())
772	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
773}
774
775func UtimesNano(path string, ts []Timespec) (err error) {
776	if len(ts) != 2 {
777		return syscall.EINVAL
778	}
779	pathp, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
780	if e != nil {
781		return e
782	}
783	h, e := CreateFile(pathp,
784		FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil,
785		OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
786	if e != nil {
787		return e
788	}
789	defer CloseHandle(h)
790	a := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[0]))
791	w := NsecToFiletime(TimespecToNsec(ts[1]))
792	return SetFileTime(h, nil, &a, &w)
793}
794
795func Fsync(fd Handle) (err error) {
796	return FlushFileBuffers(fd)
797}
798
799func Chmod(path string, mode uint32) (err error) {
800	p, e := UTF16PtrFromString(path)
801	if e != nil {
802		return e
803	}
804	attrs, e := GetFileAttributes(p)
805	if e != nil {
806		return e
807	}
808	if mode&S_IWRITE != 0 {
809		attrs &^= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
810	} else {
811		attrs |= FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
812	}
813	return SetFileAttributes(p, attrs)
814}
815
816func LoadGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime() error {
817	return procGetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime.Find()
818}
819
820func LoadCancelIoEx() error {
821	return procCancelIoEx.Find()
822}
823
824func LoadSetFileCompletionNotificationModes() error {
825	return procSetFileCompletionNotificationModes.Find()
826}
827
828func WaitForMultipleObjects(handles []Handle, waitAll bool, waitMilliseconds uint32) (event uint32, err error) {
829	// Every other win32 array API takes arguments as "pointer, count", except for this function. So we
830	// can't declare it as a usual [] type, because mksyscall will use the opposite order. We therefore
831	// trivially stub this ourselves.
832
833	var handlePtr *Handle
834	if len(handles) > 0 {
835		handlePtr = &handles[0]
836	}
837	return waitForMultipleObjects(uint32(len(handles)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(handlePtr)), waitAll, waitMilliseconds)
838}
839
840// net api calls
841
842const socket_error = uintptr(^uint32(0))
843
844//sys	WSAStartup(verreq uint32, data *WSAData) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.WSAStartup
845//sys	WSACleanup() (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSACleanup
846//sys	WSAIoctl(s Handle, iocc uint32, inbuf *byte, cbif uint32, outbuf *byte, cbob uint32, cbbr *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, completionRoutine uintptr) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSAIoctl
847//sys	WSALookupServiceBegin(querySet *WSAQUERYSET, flags uint32, handle *Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceBeginW
848//sys	WSALookupServiceNext(handle Handle, flags uint32, size *int32, querySet *WSAQUERYSET) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceNextW
849//sys	WSALookupServiceEnd(handle Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSALookupServiceEnd
850//sys	socket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.socket
851//sys	sendto(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, to unsafe.Pointer, tolen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.sendto
852//sys	recvfrom(s Handle, buf []byte, flags int32, from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.recvfrom
853//sys	Setsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.setsockopt
854//sys	Getsockopt(s Handle, level int32, optname int32, optval *byte, optlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockopt
855//sys	bind(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.bind
856//sys	connect(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.connect
857//sys	getsockname(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getsockname
858//sys	getpeername(s Handle, rsa *RawSockaddrAny, addrlen *int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.getpeername
859//sys	listen(s Handle, backlog int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.listen
860//sys	shutdown(s Handle, how int32) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.shutdown
861//sys	Closesocket(s Handle) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.closesocket
862//sys	AcceptEx(ls Handle, as Handle, buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, recvd *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) = mswsock.AcceptEx
863//sys	GetAcceptExSockaddrs(buf *byte, rxdatalen uint32, laddrlen uint32, raddrlen uint32, lrsa **RawSockaddrAny, lrsalen *int32, rrsa **RawSockaddrAny, rrsalen *int32) = mswsock.GetAcceptExSockaddrs
864//sys	WSARecv(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecv
865//sys	WSASend(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASend
866//sys	WSARecvFrom(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, recvd *uint32, flags *uint32,  from *RawSockaddrAny, fromlen *int32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSARecvFrom
867//sys	WSASendTo(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to *RawSockaddrAny, tolen int32,  overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) [failretval==socket_error] = ws2_32.WSASendTo
868//sys	WSASocket(af int32, typ int32, protocol int32, protoInfo *WSAProtocolInfo, group uint32, flags uint32) (handle Handle, err error) [failretval==InvalidHandle] = ws2_32.WSASocketW
869//sys	GetHostByName(name string) (h *Hostent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.gethostbyname
870//sys	GetServByName(name string, proto string) (s *Servent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getservbyname
871//sys	Ntohs(netshort uint16) (u uint16) = ws2_32.ntohs
872//sys	GetProtoByName(name string) (p *Protoent, err error) [failretval==nil] = ws2_32.getprotobyname
873//sys	DnsQuery(name string, qtype uint16, options uint32, extra *byte, qrs **DNSRecord, pr *byte) (status error) = dnsapi.DnsQuery_W
874//sys	DnsRecordListFree(rl *DNSRecord, freetype uint32) = dnsapi.DnsRecordListFree
875//sys	DnsNameCompare(name1 *uint16, name2 *uint16) (same bool) = dnsapi.DnsNameCompare_W
876//sys	GetAddrInfoW(nodename *uint16, servicename *uint16, hints *AddrinfoW, result **AddrinfoW) (sockerr error) = ws2_32.GetAddrInfoW
877//sys	FreeAddrInfoW(addrinfo *AddrinfoW) = ws2_32.FreeAddrInfoW
878//sys	GetIfEntry(pIfRow *MibIfRow) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetIfEntry
879//sys	GetAdaptersInfo(ai *IpAdapterInfo, ol *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersInfo
880//sys	SetFileCompletionNotificationModes(handle Handle, flags uint8) (err error) = kernel32.SetFileCompletionNotificationModes
881//sys	WSAEnumProtocols(protocols *int32, protocolBuffer *WSAProtocolInfo, bufferLength *uint32) (n int32, err error) [failretval==-1] = ws2_32.WSAEnumProtocolsW
882//sys	WSAGetOverlappedResult(h Handle, o *Overlapped, bytes *uint32, wait bool, flags *uint32) (err error) = ws2_32.WSAGetOverlappedResult
883//sys	GetAdaptersAddresses(family uint32, flags uint32, reserved uintptr, adapterAddresses *IpAdapterAddresses, sizePointer *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetAdaptersAddresses
884//sys	GetACP() (acp uint32) = kernel32.GetACP
885//sys	MultiByteToWideChar(codePage uint32, dwFlags uint32, str *byte, nstr int32, wchar *uint16, nwchar int32) (nwrite int32, err error) = kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
886//sys	getBestInterfaceEx(sockaddr unsafe.Pointer, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (errcode error) = iphlpapi.GetBestInterfaceEx
887
888// For testing: clients can set this flag to force
889// creation of IPv6 sockets to return EAFNOSUPPORT.
890var SocketDisableIPv6 bool
891
892type RawSockaddrInet4 struct {
893	Family uint16
894	Port   uint16
895	Addr   [4]byte /* in_addr */
896	Zero   [8]uint8
897}
898
899type RawSockaddrInet6 struct {
900	Family   uint16
901	Port     uint16
902	Flowinfo uint32
903	Addr     [16]byte /* in6_addr */
904	Scope_id uint32
905}
906
907type RawSockaddr struct {
908	Family uint16
909	Data   [14]int8
910}
911
912type RawSockaddrAny struct {
913	Addr RawSockaddr
914	Pad  [100]int8
915}
916
917type Sockaddr interface {
918	sockaddr() (ptr unsafe.Pointer, len int32, err error) // lowercase; only we can define Sockaddrs
919}
920
921type SockaddrInet4 struct {
922	Port int
923	Addr [4]byte
924	raw  RawSockaddrInet4
925}
926
927func (sa *SockaddrInet4) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
928	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
929		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
930	}
931	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET
932	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
933	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
934	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
935	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
936	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
937}
938
939type SockaddrInet6 struct {
940	Port   int
941	ZoneId uint32
942	Addr   [16]byte
943	raw    RawSockaddrInet6
944}
945
946func (sa *SockaddrInet6) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
947	if sa.Port < 0 || sa.Port > 0xFFFF {
948		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
949	}
950	sa.raw.Family = AF_INET6
951	p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw.Port))
952	p[0] = byte(sa.Port >> 8)
953	p[1] = byte(sa.Port)
954	sa.raw.Scope_id = sa.ZoneId
955	sa.raw.Addr = sa.Addr
956	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
957}
958
959type RawSockaddrUnix struct {
960	Family uint16
961	Path   [UNIX_PATH_MAX]int8
962}
963
964type SockaddrUnix struct {
965	Name string
966	raw  RawSockaddrUnix
967}
968
969func (sa *SockaddrUnix) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
970	name := sa.Name
971	n := len(name)
972	if n > len(sa.raw.Path) {
973		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
974	}
975	if n == len(sa.raw.Path) && name[0] != '@' {
976		return nil, 0, syscall.EINVAL
977	}
978	sa.raw.Family = AF_UNIX
979	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
980		sa.raw.Path[i] = int8(name[i])
981	}
982	// length is family (uint16), name, NUL.
983	sl := int32(2)
984	if n > 0 {
985		sl += int32(n) + 1
986	}
987	if sa.raw.Path[0] == '@' || (sa.raw.Path[0] == 0 && sl > 3) {
988		// Check sl > 3 so we don't change unnamed socket behavior.
989		sa.raw.Path[0] = 0
990		// Don't count trailing NUL for abstract address.
991		sl--
992	}
993
994	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), sl, nil
995}
996
997type RawSockaddrBth struct {
998	AddressFamily  [2]byte
999	BtAddr         [8]byte
1000	ServiceClassId [16]byte
1001	Port           [4]byte
1002}
1003
1004type SockaddrBth struct {
1005	BtAddr         uint64
1006	ServiceClassId GUID
1007	Port           uint32
1008
1009	raw RawSockaddrBth
1010}
1011
1012func (sa *SockaddrBth) sockaddr() (unsafe.Pointer, int32, error) {
1013	family := AF_BTH
1014	sa.raw = RawSockaddrBth{
1015		AddressFamily:  *(*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&family)),
1016		BtAddr:         *(*[8]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.BtAddr)),
1017		Port:           *(*[4]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.Port)),
1018		ServiceClassId: *(*[16]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sa.ServiceClassId)),
1019	}
1020	return unsafe.Pointer(&sa.raw), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sa.raw)), nil
1021}
1022
1023func (rsa *RawSockaddrAny) Sockaddr() (Sockaddr, error) {
1024	switch rsa.Addr.Family {
1025	case AF_UNIX:
1026		pp := (*RawSockaddrUnix)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
1027		sa := new(SockaddrUnix)
1028		if pp.Path[0] == 0 {
1029			// "Abstract" Unix domain socket.
1030			// Rewrite leading NUL as @ for textual display.
1031			// (This is the standard convention.)
1032			// Not friendly to overwrite in place,
1033			// but the callers below don't care.
1034			pp.Path[0] = '@'
1035		}
1036
1037		// Assume path ends at NUL.
1038		// This is not technically the Linux semantics for
1039		// abstract Unix domain sockets--they are supposed
1040		// to be uninterpreted fixed-size binary blobs--but
1041		// everyone uses this convention.
1042		n := 0
1043		for n < len(pp.Path) && pp.Path[n] != 0 {
1044			n++
1045		}
1046		sa.Name = string(unsafe.Slice((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Path[0])), n))
1047		return sa, nil
1048
1049	case AF_INET:
1050		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet4)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
1051		sa := new(SockaddrInet4)
1052		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
1053		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
1054		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
1055		return sa, nil
1056
1057	case AF_INET6:
1058		pp := (*RawSockaddrInet6)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa))
1059		sa := new(SockaddrInet6)
1060		p := (*[2]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&pp.Port))
1061		sa.Port = int(p[0])<<8 + int(p[1])
1062		sa.ZoneId = pp.Scope_id
1063		sa.Addr = pp.Addr
1064		return sa, nil
1065	}
1066	return nil, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
1067}
1068
1069func Socket(domain, typ, proto int) (fd Handle, err error) {
1070	if domain == AF_INET6 && SocketDisableIPv6 {
1071		return InvalidHandle, syscall.EAFNOSUPPORT
1072	}
1073	return socket(int32(domain), int32(typ), int32(proto))
1074}
1075
1076func SetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int, value int) (err error) {
1077	v := int32(value)
1078	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v)))
1079}
1080
1081func Bind(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
1082	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1083	if err != nil {
1084		return err
1085	}
1086	return bind(fd, ptr, n)
1087}
1088
1089func Connect(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr) (err error) {
1090	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1091	if err != nil {
1092		return err
1093	}
1094	return connect(fd, ptr, n)
1095}
1096
1097func GetBestInterfaceEx(sa Sockaddr, pdwBestIfIndex *uint32) (err error) {
1098	ptr, _, err := sa.sockaddr()
1099	if err != nil {
1100		return err
1101	}
1102	return getBestInterfaceEx(ptr, pdwBestIfIndex)
1103}
1104
1105func Getsockname(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
1106	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1107	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1108	if err = getsockname(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
1109		return
1110	}
1111	return rsa.Sockaddr()
1112}
1113
1114func Getpeername(fd Handle) (sa Sockaddr, err error) {
1115	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1116	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1117	if err = getpeername(fd, &rsa, &l); err != nil {
1118		return
1119	}
1120	return rsa.Sockaddr()
1121}
1122
1123func Listen(s Handle, n int) (err error) {
1124	return listen(s, int32(n))
1125}
1126
1127func Shutdown(fd Handle, how int) (err error) {
1128	return shutdown(fd, int32(how))
1129}
1130
1131func WSASendto(s Handle, bufs *WSABuf, bufcnt uint32, sent *uint32, flags uint32, to Sockaddr, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) (err error) {
1132	var rsa unsafe.Pointer
1133	var l int32
1134	if to != nil {
1135		rsa, l, err = to.sockaddr()
1136		if err != nil {
1137			return err
1138		}
1139	}
1140	return WSASendTo(s, bufs, bufcnt, sent, flags, (*RawSockaddrAny)(unsafe.Pointer(rsa)), l, overlapped, croutine)
1141}
1142
1143func LoadGetAddrInfo() error {
1144	return procGetAddrInfoW.Find()
1145}
1146
1147var connectExFunc struct {
1148	once sync.Once
1149	addr uintptr
1150	err  error
1151}
1152
1153func LoadConnectEx() error {
1154	connectExFunc.once.Do(func() {
1155		var s Handle
1156		s, connectExFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)
1157		if connectExFunc.err != nil {
1158			return
1159		}
1160		defer CloseHandle(s)
1161		var n uint32
1162		connectExFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1163			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1164			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
1165			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_CONNECTEX)),
1166			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&connectExFunc.addr)),
1167			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(connectExFunc.addr)),
1168			&n, nil, 0)
1169	})
1170	return connectExFunc.err
1171}
1172
1173func connectEx(s Handle, name unsafe.Pointer, namelen int32, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) (err error) {
1174	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall9(connectExFunc.addr, 7, uintptr(s), uintptr(name), uintptr(namelen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(sendBuf)), uintptr(sendDataLen), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), 0, 0)
1175	if r1 == 0 {
1176		if e1 != 0 {
1177			err = error(e1)
1178		} else {
1179			err = syscall.EINVAL
1180		}
1181	}
1182	return
1183}
1184
1185func ConnectEx(fd Handle, sa Sockaddr, sendBuf *byte, sendDataLen uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped) error {
1186	err := LoadConnectEx()
1187	if err != nil {
1188		return errorspkg.New("failed to find ConnectEx: " + err.Error())
1189	}
1190	ptr, n, err := sa.sockaddr()
1191	if err != nil {
1192		return err
1193	}
1194	return connectEx(fd, ptr, n, sendBuf, sendDataLen, bytesSent, overlapped)
1195}
1196
1197var sendRecvMsgFunc struct {
1198	once     sync.Once
1199	sendAddr uintptr
1200	recvAddr uintptr
1201	err      error
1202}
1203
1204func loadWSASendRecvMsg() error {
1205	sendRecvMsgFunc.once.Do(func() {
1206		var s Handle
1207		s, sendRecvMsgFunc.err = Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)
1208		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
1209			return
1210		}
1211		defer CloseHandle(s)
1212		var n uint32
1213		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1214			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1215			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
1216			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSARECVMSG)),
1217			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
1218			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr)),
1219			&n, nil, 0)
1220		if sendRecvMsgFunc.err != nil {
1221			return
1222		}
1223		sendRecvMsgFunc.err = WSAIoctl(s,
1224			SIO_GET_EXTENSION_FUNCTION_POINTER,
1225			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
1226			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(WSAID_WSASENDMSG)),
1227			(*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
1228			uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr)),
1229			&n, nil, 0)
1230	})
1231	return sendRecvMsgFunc.err
1232}
1233
1234func WSASendMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, flags uint32, bytesSent *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
1235	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
1236	if err != nil {
1237		return err
1238	}
1239	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.sendAddr, 6, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(flags), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesSent)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)))
1240	if r1 == socket_error {
1241		err = errnoErr(e1)
1242	}
1243	return err
1244}
1245
1246func WSARecvMsg(fd Handle, msg *WSAMsg, bytesReceived *uint32, overlapped *Overlapped, croutine *byte) error {
1247	err := loadWSASendRecvMsg()
1248	if err != nil {
1249		return err
1250	}
1251	r1, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall6(sendRecvMsgFunc.recvAddr, 5, uintptr(fd), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(msg)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(bytesReceived)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(overlapped)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(croutine)), 0)
1252	if r1 == socket_error {
1253		err = errnoErr(e1)
1254	}
1255	return err
1256}
1257
1258// Invented structures to support what package os expects.
1259type Rusage struct {
1260	CreationTime Filetime
1261	ExitTime     Filetime
1262	KernelTime   Filetime
1263	UserTime     Filetime
1264}
1265
1266type WaitStatus struct {
1267	ExitCode uint32
1268}
1269
1270func (w WaitStatus) Exited() bool { return true }
1271
1272func (w WaitStatus) ExitStatus() int { return int(w.ExitCode) }
1273
1274func (w WaitStatus) Signal() Signal { return -1 }
1275
1276func (w WaitStatus) CoreDump() bool { return false }
1277
1278func (w WaitStatus) Stopped() bool { return false }
1279
1280func (w WaitStatus) Continued() bool { return false }
1281
1282func (w WaitStatus) StopSignal() Signal { return -1 }
1283
1284func (w WaitStatus) Signaled() bool { return false }
1285
1286func (w WaitStatus) TrapCause() int { return -1 }
1287
1288// Timespec is an invented structure on Windows, but here for
1289// consistency with the corresponding package for other operating systems.
1290type Timespec struct {
1291	Sec  int64
1292	Nsec int64
1293}
1294
1295func TimespecToNsec(ts Timespec) int64 { return int64(ts.Sec)*1e9 + int64(ts.Nsec) }
1296
1297func NsecToTimespec(nsec int64) (ts Timespec) {
1298	ts.Sec = nsec / 1e9
1299	ts.Nsec = nsec % 1e9
1300	return
1301}
1302
1303// TODO(brainman): fix all needed for net
1304
1305func Accept(fd Handle) (nfd Handle, sa Sockaddr, err error) { return 0, nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
1306
1307func Recvfrom(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int) (n int, from Sockaddr, err error) {
1308	var rsa RawSockaddrAny
1309	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(rsa))
1310	n32, err := recvfrom(fd, p, int32(flags), &rsa, &l)
1311	n = int(n32)
1312	if err != nil {
1313		return
1314	}
1315	from, err = rsa.Sockaddr()
1316	return
1317}
1318
1319func Sendto(fd Handle, p []byte, flags int, to Sockaddr) (err error) {
1320	ptr, l, err := to.sockaddr()
1321	if err != nil {
1322		return err
1323	}
1324	return sendto(fd, p, int32(flags), ptr, l)
1325}
1326
1327func SetsockoptTimeval(fd Handle, level, opt int, tv *Timeval) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1328
1329// The Linger struct is wrong but we only noticed after Go 1.
1330// sysLinger is the real system call structure.
1331
1332// BUG(brainman): The definition of Linger is not appropriate for direct use
1333// with Setsockopt and Getsockopt.
1334// Use SetsockoptLinger instead.
1335
1336type Linger struct {
1337	Onoff  int32
1338	Linger int32
1339}
1340
1341type sysLinger struct {
1342	Onoff  uint16
1343	Linger uint16
1344}
1345
1346type IPMreq struct {
1347	Multiaddr [4]byte /* in_addr */
1348	Interface [4]byte /* in_addr */
1349}
1350
1351type IPv6Mreq struct {
1352	Multiaddr [16]byte /* in6_addr */
1353	Interface uint32
1354}
1355
1356func GetsockoptInt(fd Handle, level, opt int) (int, error) {
1357	v := int32(0)
1358	l := int32(unsafe.Sizeof(v))
1359	err := Getsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&v)), &l)
1360	return int(v), err
1361}
1362
1363func SetsockoptLinger(fd Handle, level, opt int, l *Linger) (err error) {
1364	sys := sysLinger{Onoff: uint16(l.Onoff), Linger: uint16(l.Linger)}
1365	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&sys)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(sys)))
1366}
1367
1368func SetsockoptInet4Addr(fd Handle, level, opt int, value [4]byte) (err error) {
1369	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&value[0])), 4)
1370}
1371func SetsockoptIPMreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPMreq) (err error) {
1372	return Setsockopt(fd, int32(level), int32(opt), (*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(mreq)), int32(unsafe.Sizeof(*mreq)))
1373}
1374func SetsockoptIPv6Mreq(fd Handle, level, opt int, mreq *IPv6Mreq) (err error) {
1375	return syscall.EWINDOWS
1376}
1377
1378func EnumProcesses(processIds []uint32, bytesReturned *uint32) error {
1379	// EnumProcesses syscall expects the size parameter to be in bytes, but the code generated with mksyscall uses
1380	// the length of the processIds slice instead. Hence, this wrapper function is added to fix the discrepancy.
1381	var p *uint32
1382	if len(processIds) > 0 {
1383		p = &processIds[0]
1384	}
1385	size := uint32(len(processIds) * 4)
1386	return enumProcesses(p, size, bytesReturned)
1387}
1388
1389func Getpid() (pid int) { return int(GetCurrentProcessId()) }
1390
1391func FindFirstFile(name *uint16, data *Win32finddata) (handle Handle, err error) {
1392	// NOTE(rsc): The Win32finddata struct is wrong for the system call:
1393	// the two paths are each one uint16 short. Use the correct struct,
1394	// a win32finddata1, and then copy the results out.
1395	// There is no loss of expressivity here, because the final
1396	// uint16, if it is used, is supposed to be a NUL, and Go doesn't need that.
1397	// For Go 1.1, we might avoid the allocation of win32finddata1 here
1398	// by adding a final Bug [2]uint16 field to the struct and then
1399	// adjusting the fields in the result directly.
1400	var data1 win32finddata1
1401	handle, err = findFirstFile1(name, &data1)
1402	if err == nil {
1403		copyFindData(data, &data1)
1404	}
1405	return
1406}
1407
1408func FindNextFile(handle Handle, data *Win32finddata) (err error) {
1409	var data1 win32finddata1
1410	err = findNextFile1(handle, &data1)
1411	if err == nil {
1412		copyFindData(data, &data1)
1413	}
1414	return
1415}
1416
1417func getProcessEntry(pid int) (*ProcessEntry32, error) {
1418	snapshot, err := CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0)
1419	if err != nil {
1420		return nil, err
1421	}
1422	defer CloseHandle(snapshot)
1423	var procEntry ProcessEntry32
1424	procEntry.Size = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(procEntry))
1425	if err = Process32First(snapshot, &procEntry); err != nil {
1426		return nil, err
1427	}
1428	for {
1429		if procEntry.ProcessID == uint32(pid) {
1430			return &procEntry, nil
1431		}
1432		err = Process32Next(snapshot, &procEntry)
1433		if err != nil {
1434			return nil, err
1435		}
1436	}
1437}
1438
1439func Getppid() (ppid int) {
1440	pe, err := getProcessEntry(Getpid())
1441	if err != nil {
1442		return -1
1443	}
1444	return int(pe.ParentProcessID)
1445}
1446
1447// TODO(brainman): fix all needed for os
1448func Fchdir(fd Handle) (err error)             { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1449func Link(oldpath, newpath string) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1450func Symlink(path, link string) (err error)    { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1451
1452func Fchmod(fd Handle, mode uint32) (err error)        { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1453func Chown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error)  { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1454func Lchown(path string, uid int, gid int) (err error) { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1455func Fchown(fd Handle, uid int, gid int) (err error)   { return syscall.EWINDOWS }
1456
1457func Getuid() (uid int)                  { return -1 }
1458func Geteuid() (euid int)                { return -1 }
1459func Getgid() (gid int)                  { return -1 }
1460func Getegid() (egid int)                { return -1 }
1461func Getgroups() (gids []int, err error) { return nil, syscall.EWINDOWS }
1462
1463type Signal int
1464
1465func (s Signal) Signal() {}
1466
1467func (s Signal) String() string {
1468	if 0 <= s && int(s) < len(signals) {
1469		str := signals[s]
1470		if str != "" {
1471			return str
1472		}
1473	}
1474	return "signal " + itoa(int(s))
1475}
1476
1477func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error {
1478	return procCreateSymbolicLinkW.Find()
1479}
1480
1481// Readlink returns the destination of the named symbolic link.
1482func Readlink(path string, buf []byte) (n int, err error) {
1483	fd, err := CreateFile(StringToUTF16Ptr(path), GENERIC_READ, 0, nil, OPEN_EXISTING,
1484		FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT|FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, 0)
1485	if err != nil {
1486		return -1, err
1487	}
1488	defer CloseHandle(fd)
1489
1490	rdbbuf := make([]byte, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE)
1491	var bytesReturned uint32
1492	err = DeviceIoControl(fd, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT, nil, 0, &rdbbuf[0], uint32(len(rdbbuf)), &bytesReturned, nil)
1493	if err != nil {
1494		return -1, err
1495	}
1496
1497	rdb := (*reparseDataBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdbbuf[0]))
1498	var s string
1499	switch rdb.ReparseTag {
1500	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK:
1501		data := (*symbolicLinkReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
1502		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
1503		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
1504	case IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT:
1505		data := (*mountPointReparseBuffer)(unsafe.Pointer(&rdb.reparseBuffer))
1506		p := (*[0xffff]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&data.PathBuffer[0]))
1507		s = UTF16ToString(p[data.PrintNameOffset/2 : (data.PrintNameLength-data.PrintNameOffset)/2])
1508	default:
1509		// the path is not a symlink or junction but another type of reparse
1510		// point
1511		return -1, syscall.ENOENT
1512	}
1513	n = copy(buf, []byte(s))
1514
1515	return n, nil
1516}
1517
1518// GUIDFromString parses a string in the form of
1519// "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}" into a GUID.
1520func GUIDFromString(str string) (GUID, error) {
1521	guid := GUID{}
1522	str16, err := syscall.UTF16PtrFromString(str)
1523	if err != nil {
1524		return guid, err
1525	}
1526	err = clsidFromString(str16, &guid)
1527	if err != nil {
1528		return guid, err
1529	}
1530	return guid, nil
1531}
1532
1533// GenerateGUID creates a new random GUID.
1534func GenerateGUID() (GUID, error) {
1535	guid := GUID{}
1536	err := coCreateGuid(&guid)
1537	if err != nil {
1538		return guid, err
1539	}
1540	return guid, nil
1541}
1542
1543// String returns the canonical string form of the GUID,
1544// in the form of "{XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX}".
1545func (guid GUID) String() string {
1546	var str [100]uint16
1547	chars := stringFromGUID2(&guid, &str[0], int32(len(str)))
1548	if chars <= 1 {
1549		return ""
1550	}
1551	return string(utf16.Decode(str[:chars-1]))
1552}
1553
1554// KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the current user, specified by one of
1555// the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
1556func KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
1557	return Token(0).KnownFolderPath(folderID, flags)
1558}
1559
1560// KnownFolderPath returns a well-known folder path for the user token, specified by one of
1561// the FOLDERID_ constants, and chosen and optionally created based on a KF_ flag.
1562func (t Token) KnownFolderPath(folderID *KNOWNFOLDERID, flags uint32) (string, error) {
1563	var p *uint16
1564	err := shGetKnownFolderPath(folderID, flags, t, &p)
1565	if err != nil {
1566		return "", err
1567	}
1568	defer CoTaskMemFree(unsafe.Pointer(p))
1569	return UTF16PtrToString(p), nil
1570}
1571
1572// RtlGetVersion returns the version of the underlying operating system, ignoring
1573// manifest semantics but is affected by the application compatibility layer.
1574func RtlGetVersion() *OsVersionInfoEx {
1575	info := &OsVersionInfoEx{}
1576	info.osVersionInfoSize = uint32(unsafe.Sizeof(*info))
1577	// According to documentation, this function always succeeds.
1578	// The function doesn't even check the validity of the
1579	// osVersionInfoSize member. Disassembling ntdll.dll indicates
1580	// that the documentation is indeed correct about that.
1581	_ = rtlGetVersion(info)
1582	return info
1583}
1584
1585// RtlGetNtVersionNumbers returns the version of the underlying operating system,
1586// ignoring manifest semantics and the application compatibility layer.
1587func RtlGetNtVersionNumbers() (majorVersion, minorVersion, buildNumber uint32) {
1588	rtlGetNtVersionNumbers(&majorVersion, &minorVersion, &buildNumber)
1589	buildNumber &= 0xffff
1590	return
1591}
1592
1593// GetProcessPreferredUILanguages retrieves the process preferred UI languages.
1594func GetProcessPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1595	return getUILanguages(flags, getProcessPreferredUILanguages)
1596}
1597
1598// GetThreadPreferredUILanguages retrieves the thread preferred UI languages for the current thread.
1599func GetThreadPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1600	return getUILanguages(flags, getThreadPreferredUILanguages)
1601}
1602
1603// GetUserPreferredUILanguages retrieves information about the user preferred UI languages.
1604func GetUserPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1605	return getUILanguages(flags, getUserPreferredUILanguages)
1606}
1607
1608// GetSystemPreferredUILanguages retrieves the system preferred UI languages.
1609func GetSystemPreferredUILanguages(flags uint32) ([]string, error) {
1610	return getUILanguages(flags, getSystemPreferredUILanguages)
1611}
1612
1613func getUILanguages(flags uint32, f func(flags uint32, numLanguages *uint32, buf *uint16, bufSize *uint32) error) ([]string, error) {
1614	size := uint32(128)
1615	for {
1616		var numLanguages uint32
1617		buf := make([]uint16, size)
1618		err := f(flags, &numLanguages, &buf[0], &size)
1619		if err == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER {
1620			continue
1621		}
1622		if err != nil {
1623			return nil, err
1624		}
1625		buf = buf[:size]
1626		if numLanguages == 0 || len(buf) == 0 { // GetProcessPreferredUILanguages may return numLanguages==0 with "\0\0"
1627			return []string{}, nil
1628		}
1629		if buf[len(buf)-1] == 0 {
1630			buf = buf[:len(buf)-1] // remove terminating null
1631		}
1632		languages := make([]string, 0, numLanguages)
1633		from := 0
1634		for i, c := range buf {
1635			if c == 0 {
1636				languages = append(languages, string(utf16.Decode(buf[from:i])))
1637				from = i + 1
1638			}
1639		}
1640		return languages, nil
1641	}
1642}
1643
1644func SetConsoleCursorPosition(console Handle, position Coord) error {
1645	return setConsoleCursorPosition(console, *((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&position))))
1646}
1647
1648func GetStartupInfo(startupInfo *StartupInfo) error {
1649	getStartupInfo(startupInfo)
1650	return nil
1651}
1652
1653func (s NTStatus) Errno() syscall.Errno {
1654	return rtlNtStatusToDosErrorNoTeb(s)
1655}
1656
1657func langID(pri, sub uint16) uint32 { return uint32(sub)<<10 | uint32(pri) }
1658
1659func (s NTStatus) Error() string {
1660	b := make([]uint16, 300)
1661	n, err := FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE|FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY, modntdll.Handle(), uint32(s), langID(LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), b, nil)
1662	if err != nil {
1663		return fmt.Sprintf("NTSTATUS 0x%08x", uint32(s))
1664	}
1665	// trim terminating \r and \n
1666	for ; n > 0 && (b[n-1] == '\n' || b[n-1] == '\r'); n-- {
1667	}
1668	return string(utf16.Decode(b[:n]))
1669}
1670
1671// NewNTUnicodeString returns a new NTUnicodeString structure for use with native
1672// NT APIs that work over the NTUnicodeString type. Note that most Windows APIs
1673// do not use NTUnicodeString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
1674// the more common *uint16 string type.
1675func NewNTUnicodeString(s string) (*NTUnicodeString, error) {
1676	var u NTUnicodeString
1677	s16, err := UTF16PtrFromString(s)
1678	if err != nil {
1679		return nil, err
1680	}
1681	RtlInitUnicodeString(&u, s16)
1682	return &u, nil
1683}
1684
1685// Slice returns a uint16 slice that aliases the data in the NTUnicodeString.
1686func (s *NTUnicodeString) Slice() []uint16 {
1687	slice := unsafe.Slice(s.Buffer, s.MaximumLength)
1688	return slice[:s.Length]
1689}
1690
1691func (s *NTUnicodeString) String() string {
1692	return UTF16ToString(s.Slice())
1693}
1694
1695// NewNTString returns a new NTString structure for use with native
1696// NT APIs that work over the NTString type. Note that most Windows APIs
1697// do not use NTString, and instead UTF16PtrFromString should be used for
1698// the more common *uint16 string type.
1699func NewNTString(s string) (*NTString, error) {
1700	var nts NTString
1701	s8, err := BytePtrFromString(s)
1702	if err != nil {
1703		return nil, err
1704	}
1705	RtlInitString(&nts, s8)
1706	return &nts, nil
1707}
1708
1709// Slice returns a byte slice that aliases the data in the NTString.
1710func (s *NTString) Slice() []byte {
1711	slice := unsafe.Slice(s.Buffer, s.MaximumLength)
1712	return slice[:s.Length]
1713}
1714
1715func (s *NTString) String() string {
1716	return ByteSliceToString(s.Slice())
1717}
1718
1719// FindResource resolves a resource of the given name and resource type.
1720func FindResource(module Handle, name, resType ResourceIDOrString) (Handle, error) {
1721	var namePtr, resTypePtr uintptr
1722	var name16, resType16 *uint16
1723	var err error
1724	resolvePtr := func(i interface{}, keep **uint16) (uintptr, error) {
1725		switch v := i.(type) {
1726		case string:
1727			*keep, err = UTF16PtrFromString(v)
1728			if err != nil {
1729				return 0, err
1730			}
1731			return uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(*keep)), nil
1732		case ResourceID:
1733			return uintptr(v), nil
1734		}
1735		return 0, errorspkg.New("parameter must be a ResourceID or a string")
1736	}
1737	namePtr, err = resolvePtr(name, &name16)
1738	if err != nil {
1739		return 0, err
1740	}
1741	resTypePtr, err = resolvePtr(resType, &resType16)
1742	if err != nil {
1743		return 0, err
1744	}
1745	resInfo, err := findResource(module, namePtr, resTypePtr)
1746	runtime.KeepAlive(name16)
1747	runtime.KeepAlive(resType16)
1748	return resInfo, err
1749}
1750
1751func LoadResourceData(module, resInfo Handle) (data []byte, err error) {
1752	size, err := SizeofResource(module, resInfo)
1753	if err != nil {
1754		return
1755	}
1756	resData, err := LoadResource(module, resInfo)
1757	if err != nil {
1758		return
1759	}
1760	ptr, err := LockResource(resData)
1761	if err != nil {
1762		return
1763	}
1764	data = unsafe.Slice((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(ptr)), size)
1765	return
1766}
1767
1768// PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK contains extended working set information for a page.
1769type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK uint64
1770
1771// Valid returns the validity of this page.
1772// If this bit is 1, the subsequent members are valid; otherwise they should be ignored.
1773func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Valid() bool {
1774	return (b & 1) == 1
1775}
1776
1777// ShareCount is the number of processes that share this page. The maximum value of this member is 7.
1778func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) ShareCount() uint64 {
1779	return b.intField(1, 3)
1780}
1781
1782// Win32Protection is the memory protection attributes of the page. For a list of values, see
1783// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/memory/memory-protection-constants
1784func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Win32Protection() uint64 {
1785	return b.intField(4, 11)
1786}
1787
1788// Shared returns the shared status of this page.
1789// If this bit is 1, the page can be shared.
1790func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Shared() bool {
1791	return (b & (1 << 15)) == 1
1792}
1793
1794// Node is the NUMA node. The maximum value of this member is 63.
1795func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Node() uint64 {
1796	return b.intField(16, 6)
1797}
1798
1799// Locked returns the locked status of this page.
1800// If this bit is 1, the virtual page is locked in physical memory.
1801func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Locked() bool {
1802	return (b & (1 << 22)) == 1
1803}
1804
1805// LargePage returns the large page status of this page.
1806// If this bit is 1, the page is a large page.
1807func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) LargePage() bool {
1808	return (b & (1 << 23)) == 1
1809}
1810
1811// Bad returns the bad status of this page.
1812// If this bit is 1, the page is has been reported as bad.
1813func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) Bad() bool {
1814	return (b & (1 << 31)) == 1
1815}
1816
1817// intField extracts an integer field in the PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union.
1818func (b PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK) intField(start, length int) uint64 {
1819	var mask PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
1820	for pos := start; pos < start+length; pos++ {
1821		mask |= (1 << pos)
1822	}
1823
1824	masked := b & mask
1825	return uint64(masked >> start)
1826}
1827
1828// PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION contains extended working set information for a process.
1829type PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_INFORMATION struct {
1830	// The virtual address.
1831	VirtualAddress Pointer
1832	// A PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK union that indicates the attributes of the page at VirtualAddress.
1833	VirtualAttributes PSAPI_WORKING_SET_EX_BLOCK
1834}
1835
1836// CreatePseudoConsole creates a windows pseudo console.
1837func CreatePseudoConsole(size Coord, in Handle, out Handle, flags uint32, pconsole *Handle) error {
1838	// We need this wrapper to manually cast Coord to uint32. The autogenerated wrappers only
1839	// accept arguments that can be casted to uintptr, and Coord can't.
1840	return createPseudoConsole(*((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&size))), in, out, flags, pconsole)
1841}
1842
1843// ResizePseudoConsole resizes the internal buffers of the pseudo console to the width and height specified in `size`.
1844func ResizePseudoConsole(pconsole Handle, size Coord) error {
1845	// We need this wrapper to manually cast Coord to uint32. The autogenerated wrappers only
1846	// accept arguments that can be casted to uintptr, and Coord can't.
1847	return resizePseudoConsole(pconsole, *((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&size))))
1848}
1849
1850// DCB constants. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/ns-winbase-dcb.
1851const (
1852	CBR_110    = 110
1853	CBR_300    = 300
1854	CBR_600    = 600
1855	CBR_1200   = 1200
1856	CBR_2400   = 2400
1857	CBR_4800   = 4800
1858	CBR_9600   = 9600
1859	CBR_14400  = 14400
1860	CBR_19200  = 19200
1861	CBR_38400  = 38400
1862	CBR_57600  = 57600
1863	CBR_115200 = 115200
1864	CBR_128000 = 128000
1865	CBR_256000 = 256000
1866
1867	DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE   = 0x00000000
1868	DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE    = 0x00000010
1869	DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE = 0x00000020
1870
1871	RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE   = 0x00000000
1872	RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE    = 0x00001000
1873	RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE = 0x00002000
1874	RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE    = 0x00003000
1875
1876	NOPARITY    = 0
1877	ODDPARITY   = 1
1878	EVENPARITY  = 2
1879	MARKPARITY  = 3
1880	SPACEPARITY = 4
1881
1882	ONESTOPBIT   = 0
1883	ONE5STOPBITS = 1
1884	TWOSTOPBITS  = 2
1885)
1886
1887// EscapeCommFunction constants. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-escapecommfunction.
1888const (
1889	SETXOFF  = 1
1890	SETXON   = 2
1891	SETRTS   = 3
1892	CLRRTS   = 4
1893	SETDTR   = 5
1894	CLRDTR   = 6
1895	SETBREAK = 8
1896	CLRBREAK = 9
1897)
1898
1899// PurgeComm constants. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-purgecomm.
1900const (
1901	PURGE_TXABORT = 0x0001
1902	PURGE_RXABORT = 0x0002
1903	PURGE_TXCLEAR = 0x0004
1904	PURGE_RXCLEAR = 0x0008
1905)
1906
1907// SetCommMask constants. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-setcommmask.
1908const (
1909	EV_RXCHAR  = 0x0001
1910	EV_RXFLAG  = 0x0002
1911	EV_TXEMPTY = 0x0004
1912	EV_CTS     = 0x0008
1913	EV_DSR     = 0x0010
1914	EV_RLSD    = 0x0020
1915	EV_BREAK   = 0x0040
1916	EV_ERR     = 0x0080
1917	EV_RING    = 0x0100
1918)
1919