xref: /aosp_15_r20/external/libaom/av1/encoder/picklpf.h (revision 77c1e3ccc04c968bd2bc212e87364f250e820521)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
5  * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
6  * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
7  * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
8  * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
9  * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
10  */
11 
12 #ifndef AOM_AV1_ENCODER_PICKLPF_H_
13 #define AOM_AV1_ENCODER_PICKLPF_H_
14 
15 #ifdef __cplusplus
16 extern "C" {
17 #endif
18 
19 #include "av1/encoder/encoder.h"
20 
21 struct yv12_buffer_config;
22 struct AV1_COMP;
23 
24 /*!\brief Algorithm for AV1 loop filter level selection.
25  *
26  * \ingroup in_loop_filter
27  * This function determines proper filter levels used for in-loop filter
28  * (deblock filter).
29  *
30  * \param[in]    sd             The pointer of frame buffer
31  * \param[in]    cpi            Top-level encoder structure
32  * \param[in]    method         The method used to select filter levels
33  *
34  * \par
35  * method includes:
36  * \arg \c LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE:  Try the full image with different values.
37  * \arg \c LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE_NON_DUAL: Try the full image filter search
38  * with non-dual filter only.
39  * \arg \c LPF_PICK_FROM_SUBIMAGE: Try a small portion of the image with
40  * different values.
41  * \arg \c LPF_PICK_FROM_Q: Estimate the level based on quantizer and frame type
42  * \arg \c LPF_PICK_MINIMAL_LPF: Pick 0 to disable LPF if LPF was enabled last
43  * frame
44  *
45  * \remark Nothing is returned. Instead, filter levels below are stored in the
46  * "loopfilter" structure inside "cpi":
47  * \arg \c filter_level[0]: the vertical filter level for Y plane
48  * \arg \c filter_level[1]: the horizontal filter level for Y plane
49  * \arg \c filter_level_u: the filter level for U plane
50  * \arg \c filter_level_v: the filter level for V plane
51  *
52  * \n
53  * \b Overview
54  * \par
55  * The workflow of deblock filter is shown in Fig.1. \n
56  * Boundary pixels pass through a non-flatness check, followed by a step that
57  * determines smoothness and selects proper types of filters
58  * (4-, 6-, 8-, 14-tap filter). \n
59  * If non-flatness criteria is not satisfied, the encoder will not apply
60  * deblock filtering on these boundary pixels.
61  * \image html filter_flow.png "Fig.1. The workflow of deblock filter" width=70%
62  *
63  * \par
64  * The non-flatness is determined by the boundary pixels and thresholds as shown
65  * in Fig.2. \n
66  * Filtering is applied when \n
67  * \f$|p_0-p_1|<thr_1\f$   and   \f$|q_0-q_1|<thr_1\f$   and
68  * \f$2*|p_0-q_0|+|p_1-q_1|/2<thr_2\f$ \n
69  * \image html filter_thr.png "Fig.2. Non-flatness of pixel boundary" height=40%
70  *
71  * \par
72  * Thresholds ("thr_1" and "thr_2") are determined by the filter level. \n
73  * In AV1, for each frame, we employ the four filter levels, based on these
74  * observations: \n
75  * Luma and chroma planes have different characteristics, including subsampling
76  * (different plane size), coding quality (chroma planes are better coded). \n
77  * Therefore chroma planes need less deblocking filtering than luma plane. \n
78  * In addition, content texture has different spatial characteristics: vertical
79  * and horizontal direction may need different level of filtering. \n
80  * The selection of these filter levels is described in the following section.
81  *
82  * \par
83  * \b Algorithm
84  * \par
85  * The encoder selects filter levels given the current frame buffer, and the
86  * method. \n
87  * By default, "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE" is used, which should provide
88  * the most appropriate filter levels. \n
89  * For video on demand (VOD) mode, if speed setting is larger than 5,
90  * "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE_NON_DUAL" is used. \n
91  * For real-time mode, if speed setting is larger than 5, "LPF_PICK_FROM_Q" is
92  * used.
93  *
94  * \par
95  * "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE" method: determine filter levels sequentially
96  * by a filter level search procedure (function "search_filter_level"). \n
97  * The order is: \n
98  * First search and determine the filter level for Y plane.
99  * Let vertical filter level (filter_level[0]) and the horizontal filter level
100  * (filter_level[1]) be equal to it. \n
101  * Keep the horizontal filter level the same and search and determine the
102  * vertical filter level. \n
103  * Search and determine the horizontal filter level. \n
104  * Search and determine filter level for U plane. \n
105  * Search and determine filter level for V plane.
106  *
107  * \par
108  * Search and determine filter level is fulfilled by function
109  * "search_filter_level". \n
110  * It starts with a base filter level ("filt_mid") initialized by the
111  * corresponding last frame's filter level. \n
112  * A filter step ("filter_step") is determined as:
113  * filter_step = filt_mid < 16 ? 4 : filt_mid / 4. \n
114  * Then a modified binary search strategy is employed to find a proper
115  * filter level. \n
116  * In each iteration, set filt_low = filt_mid - filter_step,
117  * filt_high = filt_mid + filter_step. \n
118  * We now have three candidate levels, "filt_mid", "filt_low" and "filt_high".
119  * \n
120  * Deblock filtering is applied on the current frame with candidate filter
121  * levels and the sum of squared error (SSE) between source and filtered frame
122  * is computed. \n
123  * Set "filt_best" to the filter level of the smallest SSE. If "filter_best"
124  * equals to "filt_mid", halve the filter_step. Otherwise, set filt_mid =
125  * filt_best. \n
126  * Go to the next iteration until "filter_step" is 0. \n
127  * Note that in the comparison of SSEs between SSE[filt_low] and SSE[filt_mid],
128  * a "bias" is introduced to slightly raise the filter level. \n
129  * It is based on the observation that low filter levels tend to yield a smaller
130  * SSE and produce a higher PSNR for the current frame, \n
131  * while oversmoothing it and degradating the quality for prediction for future
132  * frames and leanding to a suboptimal performance overall. \n
133  * Function "try_filter_frame" is the referrence for applying deblock filtering
134  * with a given filter level and computatition of SSE.
135  *
136  * \par
137  * "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE_NON_DUAL" method: almost the same as
138  * "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE", \n
139  * just without separately searching for appropriate filter levels for vertical
140  * and horizontal filters.
141  *
142  * \par
143  * "LPF_PICK_FROM_Q" method: filter levels are determined by the
144  * quantization factor (q). \n
145  * For 8 bit: \n
146  *   Keyframes: filt_guess = q * 0.06699 - 1.60817 \n
147  *   Other frames: filt_guess = q * inter_frame_multiplier + 2.48225 \n
148  *   inter_frame_multiplier = q > 700 ? 0.04590 : 0.02295 \n
149  * For 10 bit and 12 bit: \n
150  * filt_guess = q * 0.316206 + 3.87252 \n
151  * Then filter_level[0] = filter_level[1] = filter_level_u = filter_level_v =
152  * clamp(filt_guess, min_filter_level, max_filter_level) \n
153  * Where min_filter_level = 0, max_filter_level = 64 \n
154  * The equations were determined by linear fitting using filter levels
155  * generated by "LPF_PICK_FROM_FULL_IMAGE" method.
156  *
157  */
158 void av1_pick_filter_level(const struct yv12_buffer_config *sd,
159                            struct AV1_COMP *cpi, LPF_PICK_METHOD method);
160 #ifdef __cplusplus
161 }  // extern "C"
162 #endif
163 
164 #endif  // AOM_AV1_ENCODER_PICKLPF_H_
165