include/gtest/gtest.h

// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
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// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

// The Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
//
// This header file defines the public API for Google Test.  It should be
// included by any test program that uses Google Test.
//
// IMPORTANT NOTE: Due to limitation of the C++ language, we have to
// leave some internal implementation details in this header file.
// They are clearly marked by comments like this:
//
//   // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
//
// Such code is NOT meant to be used by a user directly, and is subject
// to CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.  Therefore DO NOT DEPEND ON IT in a user
// program!
//
// Acknowledgment: Google Test borrowed the idea of automatic test
// registration from Barthelemy Dagenais' ([email protected])
// easyUnit framework.

#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_

#include <cstddef>
#include <limits>
#include <memory>
#include <ostream>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>

#include "gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-death-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-matchers.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-message.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-param-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-test-part.h"
#include "gtest/gtest-typed-test.h"
#include "gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h"
#include "gtest/gtest_prod.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
/* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)

// Declares the flags.

// This flag temporary enables the disabled tests.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(also_run_disabled_tests);

// This flag brings the debugger on an assertion failure.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(break_on_failure);

// This flag controls whether Google Test catches all test-thrown exceptions
// and logs them as failures.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(catch_exceptions);

// This flag enables using colors in terminal output. Available values are
// "yes" to enable colors, "no" (disable colors), or "auto" (the default)
// to let Google Test decide.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(color);

// This flag controls whether the test runner should continue execution past
// first failure.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(fail_fast);

// This flag sets up the filter to select by name using a glob pattern
// the tests to run. If the filter is not given all tests are executed.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(filter);

// This flag controls whether Google Test installs a signal handler that dumps
// debugging information when fatal signals are raised.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(install_failure_signal_handler);

// This flag causes the Google Test to list tests. None of the tests listed
// are actually run if the flag is provided.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(list_tests);

// This flag controls whether Google Test emits a detailed XML report to a file
// in addition to its normal textual output.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(output);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints only test failures.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(brief);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints the elapsed time for each
// test.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_time);

// This flags control whether Google Test prints UTF8 characters as text.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(print_utf8);

// This flag specifies the random number seed.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(random_seed);

// This flag sets how many times the tests are repeated. The default value
// is 1. If the value is -1 the tests are repeating forever.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(repeat);

// This flag controls whether Google Test Environments are recreated for each
// repeat of the tests. The default value is true. If set to false the global
// test Environment objects are only set up once, for the first iteration, and
// only torn down once, for the last.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(recreate_environments_when_repeating);

// This flag controls whether Google Test includes Google Test internal
// stack frames in failure stack traces.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(show_internal_stack_frames);

// When this flag is specified, tests' order is randomized on every iteration.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(shuffle);

// This flag specifies the maximum number of stack frames to be
// printed in a failure message.
GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(stack_trace_depth);

// When this flag is specified, a failed assertion will throw an
// exception if exceptions are enabled, or exit the program with a
// non-zero code otherwise. For use with an external test framework.
GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(throw_on_failure);

// When this flag is set with a "host:port" string, on supported
// platforms test results are streamed to the specified port on
// the specified host machine.
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(stream_result_to);

#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
GTEST_DECLARE_string_(flagfile);
#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_

namespace testing {

// Silence C4100 (unreferenced formal parameter) and 4805
// unsafe mix of type 'const int' and type 'const bool'
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable : 4805)
#pragma warning(disable : 4100)
#endif

// The upper limit for valid stack trace depths.
const int kMaxStackTraceDepth = 100;

namespace internal {

class AssertHelper;
class DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
class ExecDeathTest;
class NoExecDeathTest;
class FinalSuccessChecker;
class GTestFlagSaver;
class StreamingListenerTest;
class TestResultAccessor;
class TestEventListenersAccessor;
class TestEventRepeater;
class UnitTestRecordPropertyTestHelper;
class WindowsDeathTest;
class FuchsiaDeathTest;
class UnitTestImpl* GetUnitTestImpl();
void ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                                    const std::string& message);
std::set<std::string>* GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();

}  // namespace internal

// The friend relationship of some of these classes is cyclic.
// If we don't forward declare them the compiler might confuse the classes
// in friendship clauses with same named classes on the scope.
class Test;
class TestSuite;

// Old API is still available but deprecated
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
using TestCase = TestSuite;
#endif
class TestInfo;
class UnitTest;

// The abstract class that all tests inherit from.
//
// In Google Test, a unit test program contains one or many TestSuites, and
// each TestSuite contains one or many Tests.
//
// When you define a test using the TEST macro, you don't need to
// explicitly derive from Test - the TEST macro automatically does
// this for you.
//
// The only time you derive from Test is when defining a test fixture
// to be used in a TEST_F.  For example:
//
//   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
//    protected:
//     void SetUp() override { ... }
//     void TearDown() override { ... }
//     ...
//   };
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, Bar) { ... }
//   TEST_F(FooTest, Baz) { ... }
//
// Test is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ Test {
 public:
  friend class TestInfo;

  // The d'tor is virtual as we intend to inherit from Test.
  virtual ~Test();

  // Sets up the stuff shared by all tests in this test suite.
  //
  // Google Test will call Foo::SetUpTestSuite() before running the first
  // test in test suite Foo.  Hence a sub-class can define its own
  // SetUpTestSuite() method to shadow the one defined in the super
  // class.
  static void SetUpTestSuite() {}

  // Tears down the stuff shared by all tests in this test suite.
  //
  // Google Test will call Foo::TearDownTestSuite() after running the last
  // test in test suite Foo.  Hence a sub-class can define its own
  // TearDownTestSuite() method to shadow the one defined in the super
  // class.
  static void TearDownTestSuite() {}

  // Legacy API is deprecated but still available. Use SetUpTestSuite and
  // TearDownTestSuite instead.
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  static void TearDownTestCase() {}
  static void SetUpTestCase() {}
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a fatal failure.
  static bool HasFatalFailure();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a non-fatal failure.
  static bool HasNonfatalFailure();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test was skipped.
  static bool IsSkipped();

  // Returns true if and only if the current test has a (either fatal or
  // non-fatal) failure.
  static bool HasFailure() { return HasFatalFailure() || HasNonfatalFailure(); }

  // Logs a property for the current test, test suite, or for the entire
  // invocation of the test program when used outside of the context of a
  // test suite.  Only the last value for a given key is remembered.  These
  // are public static so they can be called from utility functions that are
  // not members of the test fixture.  Calls to RecordProperty made during
  // lifespan of the test (from the moment its constructor starts to the
  // moment its destructor finishes) will be output in XML as attributes of
  // the <testcase> element.  Properties recorded from fixture's
  // SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite are logged as attributes of the
  // corresponding <testsuite> element.  Calls to RecordProperty made in the
  // global context (before or after invocation of RUN_ALL_TESTS and from
  // SetUp/TearDown method of Environment objects registered with Google
  // Test) will be output as attributes of the <testsuites> element.
  static void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value);
  static void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, int value);

 protected:
  // Creates a Test object.
  Test();

  // Sets up the test fixture.
  virtual void SetUp();

  // Tears down the test fixture.
  virtual void TearDown();

 private:
  // Returns true if and only if the current test has the same fixture class
  // as the first test in the current test suite.
  static bool HasSameFixtureClass();

  // Runs the test after the test fixture has been set up.
  //
  // A sub-class must implement this to define the test logic.
  //
  // DO NOT OVERRIDE THIS FUNCTION DIRECTLY IN A USER PROGRAM.
  // Instead, use the TEST or TEST_F macro.
  virtual void TestBody() = 0;

  // Sets up, executes, and tears down the test.
  void Run();

  // Deletes self.  We deliberately pick an unusual name for this
  // internal method to avoid clashing with names used in user TESTs.
  void DeleteSelf_() { delete this; }

  const std::unique_ptr<GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_> gtest_flag_saver_;

  // Often a user misspells SetUp() as Setup() and spends a long time
  // wondering why it is never called by Google Test.  The declaration of
  // the following method is solely for catching such an error at
  // compile time:
  //
  //   - The return type is deliberately chosen to be not void, so it
  //   will be a conflict if void Setup() is declared in the user's
  //   test fixture.
  //
  //   - This method is private, so it will be another compiler error
  //   if the method is called from the user's test fixture.
  //
  // DO NOT OVERRIDE THIS FUNCTION.
  //
  // If you see an error about overriding the following function or
  // about it being private, you have mis-spelled SetUp() as Setup().
  struct Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp {};
  virtual Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp* Setup() { return nullptr; }

  // We disallow copying Tests.
  Test(const Test&) = delete;
  Test& operator=(const Test&) = delete;
};

typedef internal::TimeInMillis TimeInMillis;

// A copyable object representing a user specified test property which can be
// output as a key/value string pair.
//
// Don't inherit from TestProperty as its destructor is not virtual.
class TestProperty {
 public:
  // C'tor.  TestProperty does NOT have a default constructor.
  // Always use this constructor (with parameters) to create a
  // TestProperty object.
  TestProperty(const std::string& a_key, const std::string& a_value)
      : key_(a_key), value_(a_value) {}

  // Gets the user supplied key.
  const char* key() const { return key_.c_str(); }

  // Gets the user supplied value.
  const char* value() const { return value_.c_str(); }

  // Sets a new value, overriding the one supplied in the constructor.
  void SetValue(const std::string& new_value) { value_ = new_value; }

 private:
  // The key supplied by the user.
  std::string key_;
  // The value supplied by the user.
  std::string value_;
};

// The result of a single Test.  This includes a list of
// TestPartResults, a list of TestProperties, a count of how many
// death tests there are in the Test, and how much time it took to run
// the Test.
//
// TestResult is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ TestResult {
 public:
  // Creates an empty TestResult.
  TestResult();

  // D'tor.  Do not inherit from TestResult.
  ~TestResult();

  // Gets the number of all test parts.  This is the sum of the number
  // of successful test parts and the number of failed test parts.
  int total_part_count() const;

  // Returns the number of the test properties.
  int test_property_count() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test passed (i.e. no test part failed).
  bool Passed() const { return !Skipped() && !Failed(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the test was skipped.
  bool Skipped() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test failed.
  bool Failed() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test fatally failed.
  bool HasFatalFailure() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test has a non-fatal failure.
  bool HasNonfatalFailure() const;

  // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }

  // Gets the time of the test case start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const { return start_timestamp_; }

  // Returns the i-th test part result among all the results. i can range from 0
  // to total_part_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the program.
  const TestPartResult& GetTestPartResult(int i) const;

  // Returns the i-th test property. i can range from 0 to
  // test_property_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, aborts the
  // program.
  const TestProperty& GetTestProperty(int i) const;

 private:
  friend class TestInfo;
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class UnitTest;
  friend class internal::DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
  friend class internal::ExecDeathTest;
  friend class internal::TestResultAccessor;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;
  friend class internal::WindowsDeathTest;
  friend class internal::FuchsiaDeathTest;

  // Gets the vector of TestPartResults.
  const std::vector<TestPartResult>& test_part_results() const {
    return test_part_results_;
  }

  // Gets the vector of TestProperties.
  const std::vector<TestProperty>& test_properties() const {
    return test_properties_;
  }

  // Sets the start time.
  void set_start_timestamp(TimeInMillis start) { start_timestamp_ = start; }

  // Sets the elapsed time.
  void set_elapsed_time(TimeInMillis elapsed) { elapsed_time_ = elapsed; }

  // Adds a test property to the list. The property is validated and may add
  // a non-fatal failure if invalid (e.g., if it conflicts with reserved
  // key names). If a property is already recorded for the same key, the
  // value will be updated, rather than storing multiple values for the same
  // key.  xml_element specifies the element for which the property is being
  // recorded and is used for validation.
  void RecordProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                      const TestProperty& test_property);

  // Adds a failure if the key is a reserved attribute of Google Test
  // testsuite tags.  Returns true if the property is valid.
  // FIXME: Validate attribute names are legal and human readable.
  static bool ValidateTestProperty(const std::string& xml_element,
                                   const TestProperty& test_property);

  // Adds a test part result to the list.
  void AddTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result);

  // Returns the death test count.
  int death_test_count() const { return death_test_count_; }

  // Increments the death test count, returning the new count.
  int increment_death_test_count() { return ++death_test_count_; }

  // Clears the test part results.
  void ClearTestPartResults();

  // Clears the object.
  void Clear();

  // Protects mutable state of the property vector and of owned
  // properties, whose values may be updated.
  internal::Mutex test_properties_mutex_;

  // The vector of TestPartResults
  std::vector<TestPartResult> test_part_results_;
  // The vector of TestProperties
  std::vector<TestProperty> test_properties_;
  // Running count of death tests.
  int death_test_count_;
  // The start time, in milliseconds since UNIX Epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;
  // The elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time_;

  // We disallow copying TestResult.
  TestResult(const TestResult&) = delete;
  TestResult& operator=(const TestResult&) = delete;
};  // class TestResult

// A TestInfo object stores the following information about a test:
//
//   Test suite name
//   Test name
//   Whether the test should be run
//   A function pointer that creates the test object when invoked
//   Test result
//
// The constructor of TestInfo registers itself with the UnitTest
// singleton such that the RUN_ALL_TESTS() macro knows which tests to
// run.
class GTEST_API_ TestInfo {
 public:
  // Destructs a TestInfo object.  This function is not virtual, so
  // don't inherit from TestInfo.
  ~TestInfo();

  // Returns the test suite name.
  const char* test_suite_name() const { return test_suite_name_.c_str(); }

// Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const char* test_case_name() const { return test_suite_name(); }
#endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns the test name.
  const char* name() const { return name_.c_str(); }

  // Returns the name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed
  // or a type-parameterized test.
  const char* type_param() const {
    if (type_param_.get() != nullptr) return type_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns the text representation of the value parameter, or NULL if this
  // is not a value-parameterized test.
  const char* value_param() const {
    if (value_param_.get() != nullptr) return value_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns the file name where this test is defined.
  const char* file() const { return location_.file.c_str(); }

  // Returns the line where this test is defined.
  int line() const { return location_.line; }

  // Return true if this test should not be run because it's in another shard.
  bool is_in_another_shard() const { return is_in_another_shard_; }

  // Returns true if this test should run, that is if the test is not
  // disabled (or it is disabled but the also_run_disabled_tests flag has
  // been specified) and its full name matches the user-specified filter.
  //
  // Google Test allows the user to filter the tests by their full names.
  // The full name of a test Bar in test suite Foo is defined as
  // "Foo.Bar".  Only the tests that match the filter will run.
  //
  // A filter is a colon-separated list of glob (not regex) patterns,
  // optionally followed by a '-' and a colon-separated list of
  // negative patterns (tests to exclude).  A test is run if it
  // matches one of the positive patterns and does not match any of
  // the negative patterns.
  //
  // For example, *A*:Foo.* is a filter that matches any string that
  // contains the character 'A' or starts with "Foo.".
  bool should_run() const { return should_run_; }

  // Returns true if and only if this test will appear in the XML report.
  bool is_reportable() const {
    // The XML report includes tests matching the filter, excluding those
    // run in other shards.
    return matches_filter_ && !is_in_another_shard_;
  }

  // Returns the result of the test.
  const TestResult* result() const { return &result_; }

 private:
#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  friend class internal::DefaultDeathTestFactory;
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
  friend class Test;
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;
  friend class internal::StreamingListenerTest;
  friend TestInfo* internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
      const char* test_suite_name, const char* name, const char* type_param,
      const char* value_param, internal::CodeLocation code_location,
      internal::TypeId fixture_class_id, internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
      internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc,
      internal::TestFactoryBase* factory);

  // Constructs a TestInfo object. The newly constructed instance assumes
  // ownership of the factory object.
  TestInfo(const std::string& test_suite_name, const std::string& name,
           const char* a_type_param,   // NULL if not a type-parameterized test
           const char* a_value_param,  // NULL if not a value-parameterized test
           internal::CodeLocation a_code_location,
           internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
           internal::TestFactoryBase* factory);

  // Increments the number of death tests encountered in this test so
  // far.
  int increment_death_test_count() {
    return result_.increment_death_test_count();
  }

  // Creates the test object, runs it, records its result, and then
  // deletes it.
  void Run();

  // Skip and records the test result for this object.
  void Skip();

  static void ClearTestResult(TestInfo* test_info) {
    test_info->result_.Clear();
  }

  // These fields are immutable properties of the test.
  const std::string test_suite_name_;  // test suite name
  const std::string name_;             // Test name
  // Name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed or a
  // type-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> type_param_;
  // Text representation of the value parameter, or NULL if this is not a
  // value-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> value_param_;
  internal::CodeLocation location_;
  const internal::TypeId fixture_class_id_;  // ID of the test fixture class
  bool should_run_;           // True if and only if this test should run
  bool is_disabled_;          // True if and only if this test is disabled
  bool matches_filter_;       // True if this test matches the
                              // user-specified filter.
  bool is_in_another_shard_;  // Will be run in another shard.
  internal::TestFactoryBase* const factory_;  // The factory that creates
                                              // the test object

  // This field is mutable and needs to be reset before running the
  // test for the second time.
  TestResult result_;

  TestInfo(const TestInfo&) = delete;
  TestInfo& operator=(const TestInfo&) = delete;
};

// A test suite, which consists of a vector of TestInfos.
//
// TestSuite is not copyable.
class GTEST_API_ TestSuite {
 public:
  // Creates a TestSuite with the given name.
  //
  // TestSuite does NOT have a default constructor.  Always use this
  // constructor to create a TestSuite object.
  //
  // Arguments:
  //
  //   name:         name of the test suite
  //   a_type_param: the name of the test's type parameter, or NULL if
  //                 this is not a type-parameterized test.
  //   set_up_tc:    pointer to the function that sets up the test suite
  //   tear_down_tc: pointer to the function that tears down the test suite
  TestSuite(const char* name, const char* a_type_param,
            internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc,
            internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc);

  // Destructor of TestSuite.
  virtual ~TestSuite();

  // Gets the name of the TestSuite.
  const char* name() const { return name_.c_str(); }

  // Returns the name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a
  // type-parameterized test suite.
  const char* type_param() const {
    if (type_param_.get() != nullptr) return type_param_->c_str();
    return nullptr;
  }

  // Returns true if any test in this test suite should run.
  bool should_run() const { return should_run_; }

  // Gets the number of successful tests in this test suite.
  int successful_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of skipped tests in this test suite.
  int skipped_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed tests in this test suite.
  int failed_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
  int reportable_disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests in this test suite.
  int disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
  int reportable_test_count() const;

  // Get the number of tests in this test suite that should run.
  int test_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all tests in this test suite.
  int total_test_count() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the test suite passed.
  bool Passed() const { return !Failed(); }

  // Returns true if and only if the test suite failed.
  bool Failed() const {
    return failed_test_count() > 0 || ad_hoc_test_result().Failed();
  }

  // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }

  // Gets the time of the test suite start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const { return start_timestamp_; }

  // Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  const TestInfo* GetTestInfo(int i) const;

  // Returns the TestResult that holds test properties recorded during
  // execution of SetUpTestSuite and TearDownTestSuite.
  const TestResult& ad_hoc_test_result() const { return ad_hoc_test_result_; }

 private:
  friend class Test;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;

  // Gets the (mutable) vector of TestInfos in this TestSuite.
  std::vector<TestInfo*>& test_info_list() { return test_info_list_; }

  // Gets the (immutable) vector of TestInfos in this TestSuite.
  const std::vector<TestInfo*>& test_info_list() const {
    return test_info_list_;
  }

  // Returns the i-th test among all the tests. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  TestInfo* GetMutableTestInfo(int i);

  // Sets the should_run member.
  void set_should_run(bool should) { should_run_ = should; }

  // Adds a TestInfo to this test suite.  Will delete the TestInfo upon
  // destruction of the TestSuite object.
  void AddTestInfo(TestInfo* test_info);

  // Clears the results of all tests in this test suite.
  void ClearResult();

  // Clears the results of all tests in the given test suite.
  static void ClearTestSuiteResult(TestSuite* test_suite) {
    test_suite->ClearResult();
  }

  // Runs every test in this TestSuite.
  void Run();

  // Skips the execution of tests under this TestSuite
  void Skip();

  // Runs SetUpTestSuite() for this TestSuite.  This wrapper is needed
  // for catching exceptions thrown from SetUpTestSuite().
  void RunSetUpTestSuite() {
    if (set_up_tc_ != nullptr) {
      (*set_up_tc_)();
    }
  }

  // Runs TearDownTestSuite() for this TestSuite.  This wrapper is
  // needed for catching exceptions thrown from TearDownTestSuite().
  void RunTearDownTestSuite() {
    if (tear_down_tc_ != nullptr) {
      (*tear_down_tc_)();
    }
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test passed.
  static bool TestPassed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Passed();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test skipped.
  static bool TestSkipped(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Skipped();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test failed.
  static bool TestFailed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Failed();
  }

  // Returns true if and only if the test is disabled and will be reported in
  // the XML report.
  static bool TestReportableDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_reportable() && test_info->is_disabled_;
  }

  // Returns true if and only if test is disabled.
  static bool TestDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_disabled_;
  }

  // Returns true if and only if this test will appear in the XML report.
  static bool TestReportable(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->is_reportable();
  }

  // Returns true if the given test should run.
  static bool ShouldRunTest(const TestInfo* test_info) {
    return test_info->should_run();
  }

  // Shuffles the tests in this test suite.
  void ShuffleTests(internal::Random* random);

  // Restores the test order to before the first shuffle.
  void UnshuffleTests();

  // Name of the test suite.
  std::string name_;
  // Name of the parameter type, or NULL if this is not a typed or a
  // type-parameterized test.
  const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> type_param_;
  // The vector of TestInfos in their original order.  It owns the
  // elements in the vector.
  std::vector<TestInfo*> test_info_list_;
  // Provides a level of indirection for the test list to allow easy
  // shuffling and restoring the test order.  The i-th element in this
  // vector is the index of the i-th test in the shuffled test list.
  std::vector<int> test_indices_;
  // Pointer to the function that sets up the test suite.
  internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc_;
  // Pointer to the function that tears down the test suite.
  internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc_;
  // True if and only if any test in this test suite should run.
  bool should_run_;
  // The start time, in milliseconds since UNIX Epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;
  // Elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time_;
  // Holds test properties recorded during execution of SetUpTestSuite and
  // TearDownTestSuite.
  TestResult ad_hoc_test_result_;

  // We disallow copying TestSuites.
  TestSuite(const TestSuite&) = delete;
  TestSuite& operator=(const TestSuite&) = delete;
};

// An Environment object is capable of setting up and tearing down an
// environment.  You should subclass this to define your own
// environment(s).
//
// An Environment object does the set-up and tear-down in virtual
// methods SetUp() and TearDown() instead of the constructor and the
// destructor, as:
//
//   1. You cannot safely throw from a destructor.  This is a problem
//      as in some cases Google Test is used where exceptions are enabled, and
//      we may want to implement ASSERT_* using exceptions where they are
//      available.
//   2. You cannot use ASSERT_* directly in a constructor or
//      destructor.
class Environment {
 public:
  // The d'tor is virtual as we need to subclass Environment.
  virtual ~Environment() {}

  // Override this to define how to set up the environment.
  virtual void SetUp() {}

  // Override this to define how to tear down the environment.
  virtual void TearDown() {}

 private:
  // If you see an error about overriding the following function or
  // about it being private, you have mis-spelled SetUp() as Setup().
  struct Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp {};
  virtual Setup_should_be_spelled_SetUp* Setup() { return nullptr; }
};

#if GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// Exception which can be thrown from TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult.
class GTEST_API_ AssertionException
    : public internal::GoogleTestFailureException {
 public:
  explicit AssertionException(const TestPartResult& result)
      : GoogleTestFailureException(result) {}
};

#endif  // GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS

// The interface for tracing execution of tests. The methods are organized in
// the order the corresponding events are fired.
class TestEventListener {
 public:
  virtual ~TestEventListener() {}

  // Fired before any test activity starts.
  virtual void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired before each iteration of tests starts.  There may be more than
  // one iteration if GTEST_FLAG(repeat) is set. iteration is the iteration
  // index, starting from 0.
  virtual void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test,
                                    int iteration) = 0;

  // Fired before environment set-up for each iteration of tests starts.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after environment set-up for each iteration of tests ends.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired before the test suite starts.
  virtual void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) {}

  //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  virtual void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Fired before the test starts.
  virtual void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info) = 0;

  // Fired when a test is disabled
  virtual void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) {}

  // Fired after a failed assertion or a SUCCEED() invocation.
  // If you want to throw an exception from this function to skip to the next
  // TEST, it must be AssertionException defined above, or inherited from it.
  virtual void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& test_part_result) = 0;

  // Fired after the test ends.
  virtual void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info) = 0;

  // Fired after the test suite ends.
  virtual void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) {}

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  virtual void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Fired before environment tear-down for each iteration of tests starts.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after environment tear-down for each iteration of tests ends.
  virtual void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;

  // Fired after each iteration of tests finishes.
  virtual void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test, int iteration) = 0;

  // Fired after all test activities have ended.
  virtual void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test) = 0;
};

// The convenience class for users who need to override just one or two
// methods and are not concerned that a possible change to a signature of
// the methods they override will not be caught during the build.  For
// comments about each method please see the definition of TestEventListener
// above.
class EmptyTestEventListener : public TestEventListener {
 public:
  void OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/,
                            int /*iteration*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnTestStart(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestDisabled(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult& /*test_part_result*/) override {}
  void OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& /*test_info*/) override {}
  void OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& /*test_suite*/) override {}
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& /*test_case*/) override {}
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
  void OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/,
                          int /*iteration*/) override {}
  void OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& /*unit_test*/) override {}
};

// TestEventListeners lets users add listeners to track events in Google Test.
class GTEST_API_ TestEventListeners {
 public:
  TestEventListeners();
  ~TestEventListeners();

  // Appends an event listener to the end of the list. Google Test assumes
  // the ownership of the listener (i.e. it will delete the listener when
  // the test program finishes).
  void Append(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Removes the given event listener from the list and returns it.  It then
  // becomes the caller's responsibility to delete the listener. Returns
  // NULL if the listener is not found in the list.
  TestEventListener* Release(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Returns the standard listener responsible for the default console
  // output.  Can be removed from the listeners list to shut down default
  // console output.  Note that removing this object from the listener list
  // with Release transfers its ownership to the caller and makes this
  // function return NULL the next time.
  TestEventListener* default_result_printer() const {
    return default_result_printer_;
  }

  // Returns the standard listener responsible for the default XML output
  // controlled by the --gtest_output=xml flag.  Can be removed from the
  // listeners list by users who want to shut down the default XML output
  // controlled by this flag and substitute it with custom one.  Note that
  // removing this object from the listener list with Release transfers its
  // ownership to the caller and makes this function return NULL the next
  // time.
  TestEventListener* default_xml_generator() const {
    return default_xml_generator_;
  }

 private:
  friend class TestSuite;
  friend class TestInfo;
  friend class internal::DefaultGlobalTestPartResultReporter;
  friend class internal::NoExecDeathTest;
  friend class internal::TestEventListenersAccessor;
  friend class internal::UnitTestImpl;

  // Returns repeater that broadcasts the TestEventListener events to all
  // subscribers.
  TestEventListener* repeater();

  // Sets the default_result_printer attribute to the provided listener.
  // The listener is also added to the listener list and previous
  // default_result_printer is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
  // also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
  // nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
  void SetDefaultResultPrinter(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Sets the default_xml_generator attribute to the provided listener.  The
  // listener is also added to the listener list and previous
  // default_xml_generator is removed from it and deleted. The listener can
  // also be NULL in which case it will not be added to the list. Does
  // nothing if the previous and the current listener objects are the same.
  void SetDefaultXmlGenerator(TestEventListener* listener);

  // Controls whether events will be forwarded by the repeater to the
  // listeners in the list.
  bool EventForwardingEnabled() const;
  void SuppressEventForwarding();

  // The actual list of listeners.
  internal::TestEventRepeater* repeater_;
  // Listener responsible for the standard result output.
  TestEventListener* default_result_printer_;
  // Listener responsible for the creation of the XML output file.
  TestEventListener* default_xml_generator_;

  // We disallow copying TestEventListeners.
  TestEventListeners(const TestEventListeners&) = delete;
  TestEventListeners& operator=(const TestEventListeners&) = delete;
};

// A UnitTest consists of a vector of TestSuites.
//
// This is a singleton class.  The only instance of UnitTest is
// created when UnitTest::GetInstance() is first called.  This
// instance is never deleted.
//
// UnitTest is not copyable.
//
// This class is thread-safe as long as the methods are called
// according to their specification.
class GTEST_API_ UnitTest {
 public:
  // Gets the singleton UnitTest object.  The first time this method
  // is called, a UnitTest object is constructed and returned.
  // Consecutive calls will return the same object.
  static UnitTest* GetInstance();

  // Runs all tests in this UnitTest object and prints the result.
  // Returns 0 if successful, or 1 otherwise.
  //
  // This method can only be called from the main thread.
  //
  // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
  int Run() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;

  // Returns the working directory when the first TEST() or TEST_F()
  // was executed.  The UnitTest object owns the string.
  const char* original_working_dir() const;

  // Returns the TestSuite object for the test that's currently running,
  // or NULL if no test is running.
  const TestSuite* current_test_suite() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

// Legacy API is still available but deprecated
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const TestCase* current_test_case() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);
#endif

  // Returns the TestInfo object for the test that's currently running,
  // or NULL if no test is running.
  const TestInfo* current_test_info() const GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
  int random_seed() const;

  // Returns the ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry object used to keep track of
  // value-parameterized tests and instantiate and register them.
  //
  // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
  internal::ParameterizedTestSuiteRegistry& parameterized_test_registry()
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Gets the number of successful test suites.
  int successful_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed test suites.
  int failed_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites.
  int total_test_suite_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test
  // that should run.
  int test_suite_to_run_count() const;

  //  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  int successful_test_case_count() const;
  int failed_test_case_count() const;
  int total_test_case_count() const;
  int test_case_to_run_count() const;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Gets the number of successful tests.
  int successful_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of skipped tests.
  int skipped_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of failed tests.
  int failed_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
  int reportable_disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of disabled tests.
  int disabled_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
  int reportable_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of all tests.
  int total_test_count() const;

  // Gets the number of tests that should run.
  int test_to_run_count() const;

  // Gets the time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the
  // UNIX epoch.
  TimeInMillis start_timestamp() const;

  // Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
  TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites
  // passed).
  bool Passed() const;

  // Returns true if and only if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite
  // failed or something outside of all tests failed).
  bool Failed() const;

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  const TestSuite* GetTestSuite(int i) const;

//  Legacy API is deprecated but still available
#ifndef GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
  const TestCase* GetTestCase(int i) const;
#endif  //  GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_

  // Returns the TestResult containing information on test failures and
  // properties logged outside of individual test suites.
  const TestResult& ad_hoc_test_result() const;

  // Returns the list of event listeners that can be used to track events
  // inside Google Test.
  TestEventListeners& listeners();

 private:
  // Registers and returns a global test environment.  When a test
  // program is run, all global test environments will be set-up in
  // the order they were registered.  After all tests in the program
  // have finished, all global test environments will be torn-down in
  // the *reverse* order they were registered.
  //
  // The UnitTest object takes ownership of the given environment.
  //
  // This method can only be called from the main thread.
  Environment* AddEnvironment(Environment* env);

  // Adds a TestPartResult to the current TestResult object.  All
  // Google Test assertion macros (e.g. ASSERT_TRUE, EXPECT_EQ, etc)
  // eventually call this to report their results.  The user code
  // should use the assertion macros instead of calling this directly.
  void AddTestPartResult(TestPartResult::Type result_type,
                         const char* file_name, int line_number,
                         const std::string& message,
                         const std::string& os_stack_trace)
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Adds a TestProperty to the current TestResult object when invoked from
  // inside a test, to current TestSuite's ad_hoc_test_result_ when invoked
  // from SetUpTestSuite or TearDownTestSuite, or to the global property set
  // when invoked elsewhere.  If the result already contains a property with
  // the same key, the value will be updated.
  void RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string& value);

  // Gets the i-th test suite among all the test suites. i can range from 0 to
  // total_test_suite_count() - 1. If i is not in that range, returns NULL.
  TestSuite* GetMutableTestSuite(int i);

  // Accessors for the implementation object.
  internal::UnitTestImpl* impl() { return impl_; }
  const internal::UnitTestImpl* impl() const { return impl_; }

  // These classes and functions are friends as they need to access private
  // members of UnitTest.
  friend class ScopedTrace;
  friend class Test;
  friend class internal::AssertHelper;
  friend class internal::StreamingListenerTest;
  friend class internal::UnitTestRecordPropertyTestHelper;
  friend Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env);
  friend std::set<std::string>* internal::GetIgnoredParameterizedTestSuites();
  friend internal::UnitTestImpl* internal::GetUnitTestImpl();
  friend void internal::ReportFailureInUnknownLocation(
      TestPartResult::Type result_type, const std::string& message);

  // Creates an empty UnitTest.
  UnitTest();

  // D'tor
  virtual ~UnitTest();

  // Pushes a trace defined by SCOPED_TRACE() on to the per-thread
  // Google Test trace stack.
  void PushGTestTrace(const internal::TraceInfo& trace)
      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Pops a trace from the per-thread Google Test trace stack.
  void PopGTestTrace() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);

  // Protects mutable state in *impl_.  This is mutable as some const
  // methods need to lock it too.
  mutable internal::Mutex mutex_;

  // Opaque implementation object.  This field is never changed once
  // the object is constructed.  We don't mark it as const here, as
  // doing so will cause a warning in the constructor of UnitTest.
  // Mutable state in *impl_ is protected by mutex_.
  internal::UnitTestImpl* impl_;

  // We disallow copying UnitTest.
  UnitTest(const UnitTest&) = delete;
  UnitTest& operator=(const UnitTest&) = delete;
};

// A convenient wrapper for adding an environment for the test
// program.
//
// You should call this before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called, probably in
// main().  If you use gtest_main, you need to call this before main()
// starts for it to take effect.  For example, you can define a global
// variable like this:
//
//   testing::Environment* const foo_env =
//       testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new FooEnvironment);
//
// However, we strongly recommend you to write your own main() and
// call AddGlobalTestEnvironment() there, as relying on initialization
// of global variables makes the code harder to read and may cause
// problems when you register multiple environments from different
// translation units and the environments have dependencies among them
// (remember that the compiler doesn't guarantee the order in which
// global variables from different translation units are initialized).
inline Environment* AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env) {
  return UnitTest::GetInstance()->AddEnvironment(env);
}

// Initializes Google Test.  This must be called before calling
// RUN_ALL_TESTS().  In particular, it parses a command line for the
// flags that Google Test recognizes.  Whenever a Google Test flag is
// seen, it is removed from argv, and *argc is decremented.
//
// No value is returned.  Instead, the Google Test flag variables are
// updated.
//
// Calling the function for the second time has no user-visible effect.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, char** argv);

// This overloaded version can be used in Windows programs compiled in
// UNICODE mode.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv);

// This overloaded version can be used on Arduino/embedded platforms where
// there is no argc/argv.
GTEST_API_ void InitGoogleTest();

namespace internal {

// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
// frame size of CmpHelperEQ. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
// when calling EXPECT_* in a tight loop.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperEQFailure(const char* lhs_expression,
                                   const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                                   const T2& rhs) {
  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression,
                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(lhs, rhs),
                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(rhs, lhs), false);
}

// This block of code defines operator==/!=
// to block lexical scope lookup.
// It prevents using invalid operator==/!= defined at namespace scope.
struct faketype {};
inline bool operator==(faketype, faketype) { return true; }
inline bool operator!=(faketype, faketype) { return false; }

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                            const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                            const T2& rhs) {
  if (lhs == rhs) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  return CmpHelperEQFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
}

class EqHelper {
 public:
  // This templatized version is for the general case.
  template <
      typename T1, typename T2,
      // Disable this overload for cases where one argument is a pointer
      // and the other is the null pointer constant.
      typename std::enable_if<!std::is_integral<T1>::value ||
                              !std::is_pointer<T2>::value>::type* = nullptr>
  static AssertionResult Compare(const char* lhs_expression,
                                 const char* rhs_expression, const T1& lhs,
                                 const T2& rhs) {
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
  }

  // With this overloaded version, we allow anonymous enums to be used
  // in {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ when compiled with gcc 4, as anonymous
  // enums can be implicitly cast to BiggestInt.
  //
  // Even though its body looks the same as the above version, we
  // cannot merge the two, as it will make anonymous enums unhappy.
  static AssertionResult Compare(const char* lhs_expression,
                                 const char* rhs_expression, BiggestInt lhs,
                                 BiggestInt rhs) {
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
  }

  template <typename T>
  static AssertionResult Compare(
      const char* lhs_expression, const char* rhs_expression,
      // Handle cases where '0' is used as a null pointer literal.
      std::nullptr_t /* lhs */, T* rhs) {
    // We already know that 'lhs' is a null pointer.
    return CmpHelperEQ(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, static_cast<T*>(nullptr),
                       rhs);
  }
};

// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
// frame size of CmpHelperOP. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
// when calling EXPECT_OP in a tight loop.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
AssertionResult CmpHelperOpFailure(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                   const T1& val1, const T2& val2,
                                   const char* op) {
  return AssertionFailure()
         << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") " << op << " (" << expr2
         << "), actual: " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val1, val2)
         << " vs " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val2, val1);
}

// A macro for implementing the helper functions needed to implement
// ASSERT_?? and EXPECT_??.  It is here just to avoid copy-and-paste
// of similar code.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.

#define GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(op_name, op)                                \
  template <typename T1, typename T2>                                      \
  AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, \
                                     const T1& val1, const T2& val2) {     \
    if (val1 op val2) {                                                    \
      return AssertionSuccess();                                           \
    } else {                                                               \
      return CmpHelperOpFailure(expr1, expr2, val1, val2, #op);            \
    }                                                                      \
  }

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.

// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(NE, !=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LE, <=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LT, <)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GE, >=)
// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT
GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GT, >)

#undef GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASEEQ.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                              const char* s2_expression,
                                              const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRNE.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const char* s1, const char* s2);

// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASENE.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRCASENE(const char* s1_expression,
                                              const char* s2_expression,
                                              const char* s1, const char* s2);

// Helper function for *_STREQ on wide strings.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);

// Helper function for *_STRNE on wide strings.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperSTRNE(const char* s1_expression,
                                          const char* s2_expression,
                                          const wchar_t* s1, const wchar_t* s2);

}  // namespace internal

// IsSubstring() and IsNotSubstring() are intended to be used as the
// first argument to {EXPECT,ASSERT}_PRED_FORMAT2(), not by
// themselves.  They check whether needle is a substring of haystack
// (NULL is considered a substring of itself only), and return an
// appropriate error message when they fail.
//
// The {needle,haystack}_expr arguments are the stringified
// expressions that generated the two real arguments.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const char* needle,
                                       const char* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const wchar_t* needle,
                                       const wchar_t* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const char* needle,
                                          const char* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const wchar_t* needle,
                                          const wchar_t* haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const ::std::string& needle,
                                       const ::std::string& haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const ::std::string& needle,
                                          const ::std::string& haystack);

#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                       const char* haystack_expr,
                                       const ::std::wstring& needle,
                                       const ::std::wstring& haystack);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult IsNotSubstring(const char* needle_expr,
                                          const char* haystack_expr,
                                          const ::std::wstring& needle,
                                          const ::std::wstring& haystack);
#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING

namespace internal {

// Helper template function for comparing floating-points.
//
// Template parameter:
//
//   RawType: the raw floating-point type (either float or double)
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
template <typename RawType>
AssertionResult CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                                         const char* rhs_expression,
                                         RawType lhs_value, RawType rhs_value) {
  const FloatingPoint<RawType> lhs(lhs_value), rhs(rhs_value);

  if (lhs.AlmostEquals(rhs)) {
    return AssertionSuccess();
  }

  ::std::stringstream lhs_ss;
  lhs_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
         << lhs_value;

  ::std::stringstream rhs_ss;
  rhs_ss << std::setprecision(std::numeric_limits<RawType>::digits10 + 2)
         << rhs_value;

  return EqFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression,
                   StringStreamToString(&lhs_ss), StringStreamToString(&rhs_ss),
                   false);
}

// Helper function for implementing ASSERT_NEAR.
//
// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult DoubleNearPredFormat(const char* expr1,
                                                const char* expr2,
                                                const char* abs_error_expr,
                                                double val1, double val2,
                                                double abs_error);

// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
// A class that enables one to stream messages to assertion macros
class GTEST_API_ AssertHelper {
 public:
  // Constructor.
  AssertHelper(TestPartResult::Type type, const char* file, int line,
               const char* message);
  ~AssertHelper();

  // Message assignment is a semantic trick to enable assertion
  // streaming; see the GTEST_MESSAGE_ macro below.
  void operator=(const Message& message) const;

 private:
  // We put our data in a struct so that the size of the AssertHelper class can
  // be as small as possible.  This is important because gcc is incapable of
  // re-using stack space even for temporary variables, so every EXPECT_EQ
  // reserves stack space for another AssertHelper.
  struct AssertHelperData {
    AssertHelperData(TestPartResult::Type t, const char* srcfile, int line_num,
                     const char* msg)
        : type(t), file(srcfile), line(line_num), message(msg) {}

    TestPartResult::Type const type;
    const char* const file;
    int const line;
    std::string const message;

   private:
    AssertHelperData(const AssertHelperData&) = delete;
    AssertHelperData& operator=(const AssertHelperData&) = delete;
  };

  AssertHelperData* const data_;

  AssertHelper(const AssertHelper&) = delete;
  AssertHelper& operator=(const AssertHelper&) = delete;
};

}  // namespace internal

// The pure interface class that all value-parameterized tests inherit from.
// A value-parameterized class must inherit from both ::testing::Test and
// ::testing::WithParamInterface. In most cases that just means inheriting
// from ::testing::TestWithParam, but more complicated test hierarchies
// may need to inherit from Test and WithParamInterface at different levels.
//
// This interface has support for accessing the test parameter value via
// the GetParam() method.
//
// Use it with one of the parameter generator defining functions, like Range(),
// Values(), ValuesIn(), Bool(), and Combine().
//
// class FooTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
//  protected:
//   FooTest() {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   ~FooTest() override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   void SetUp() override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
//   void TearDown override {
//     // Can use GetParam() here.
//   }
// };
// TEST_P(FooTest, DoesBar) {
//   // Can use GetParam() method here.
//   Foo foo;
//   ASSERT_TRUE(foo.DoesBar(GetParam()));
// }
// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(OneToTenRange, FooTest, ::testing::Range(1, 10));

template <typename T>
class WithParamInterface {
 public:
  typedef T ParamType;
  virtual ~WithParamInterface() {}

  // The current parameter value. Is also available in the test fixture's
  // constructor.
  static const ParamType& GetParam() {
    GTEST_CHECK_(parameter_ != nullptr)
        << "GetParam() can only be called inside a value-parameterized test "
        << "-- did you intend to write TEST_P instead of TEST_F?";
    return *parameter_;
  }

 private:
  // Sets parameter value. The caller is responsible for making sure the value
  // remains alive and unchanged throughout the current test.
  static void SetParam(const ParamType* parameter) { parameter_ = parameter; }

  // Static value used for accessing parameter during a test lifetime.
  static const ParamType* parameter_;

  // TestClass must be a subclass of WithParamInterface<T> and Test.
  template <class TestClass>
  friend class internal::ParameterizedTestFactory;
};

template <typename T>
const T* WithParamInterface<T>::parameter_ = nullptr;

// Most value-parameterized classes can ignore the existence of
// WithParamInterface, and can just inherit from ::testing::TestWithParam.

template <typename T>
class TestWithParam : public Test, public WithParamInterface<T> {};

// Macros for indicating success/failure in test code.

// Skips test in runtime.
// Skipping test aborts current function.
// Skipped tests are neither successful nor failed.
#define GTEST_SKIP() GTEST_SKIP_("")

// ADD_FAILURE unconditionally adds a failure to the current test.
// SUCCEED generates a success - it doesn't automatically make the
// current test successful, as a test is only successful when it has
// no failure.
//
// EXPECT_* verifies that a certain condition is satisfied.  If not,
// it behaves like ADD_FAILURE.  In particular:
//
//   EXPECT_TRUE  verifies that a Boolean condition is true.
//   EXPECT_FALSE verifies that a Boolean condition is false.
//
// FAIL and ASSERT_* are similar to ADD_FAILURE and EXPECT_*, except
// that they will also abort the current function on failure.  People
// usually want the fail-fast behavior of FAIL and ASSERT_*, but those
// writing data-driven tests often find themselves using ADD_FAILURE
// and EXPECT_* more.

// Generates a nonfatal failure with a generic message.
#define ADD_FAILURE() GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_("Failed")

// Generates a nonfatal failure at the given source file location with
// a generic message.
#define ADD_FAILURE_AT(file, line)        \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, "Failed", \
                    ::testing::TestPartResult::kNonFatalFailure)

// Generates a fatal failure with a generic message.
#define GTEST_FAIL() GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_("Failed")

// Like GTEST_FAIL(), but at the given source file location.
#define GTEST_FAIL_AT(file, line)         \
  GTEST_MESSAGE_AT_(file, line, "Failed", \
                    ::testing::TestPartResult::kFatalFailure)

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of FAIL(), which is a
// generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_FAIL
#define FAIL() GTEST_FAIL()
#endif

// Generates a success with a generic message.
#define GTEST_SUCCEED() GTEST_SUCCESS_("Succeeded")

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of SUCCEED(), which
// is a generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_SUCCEED
#define SUCCEED() GTEST_SUCCEED()
#endif

// Macros for testing exceptions.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_THROW(statement, expected_exception):
//         Tests that the statement throws the expected exception.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NO_THROW(statement):
//         Tests that the statement doesn't throw any exception.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_ANY_THROW(statement):
//         Tests that the statement throws an exception.

#define EXPECT_THROW(statement, expected_exception) \
  GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_NO_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_ANY_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_THROW(statement, expected_exception) \
  GTEST_TEST_THROW_(statement, expected_exception, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_NO_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_THROW_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define ASSERT_ANY_THROW(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_ANY_THROW_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Boolean assertions. Condition can be either a Boolean expression or an
// AssertionResult. For more information on how to use AssertionResult with
// these macros see comments on that class.
#define GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition)                      \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                      GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition)                        \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                      GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition) \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition)                        \
  GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                      GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)

// Define these macros to 1 to omit the definition of the corresponding
// EXPECT or ASSERT, which clashes with some users' own code.

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_TRUE
#define EXPECT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_FALSE
#define EXPECT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_TRUE
#define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_FALSE
#define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition)
#endif

// Macros for testing equalities and inequalities.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2): Tests that v1 == v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 != v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT(v1, v2): Tests that v1 < v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 <= v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT(v1, v2): Tests that v1 > v2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE(v1, v2): Tests that v1 >= v2
//
// When they are not, Google Test prints both the tested expressions and
// their actual values.  The values must be compatible built-in types,
// or you will get a compiler error.  By "compatible" we mean that the
// values can be compared by the respective operator.
//
// Note:
//
//   1. It is possible to make a user-defined type work with
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??(), but that requires overloading the
//   comparison operators and is thus discouraged by the Google C++
//   Usage Guide.  Therefore, you are advised to use the
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_TRUE() macro to assert that two objects are
//   equal.
//
//   2. The {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??() macros do pointer comparisons on
//   pointers (in particular, C strings).  Therefore, if you use it
//   with two C strings, you are testing how their locations in memory
//   are related, not how their content is related.  To compare two C
//   strings by content, use {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STR*().
//
//   3. {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2) is preferred to
//   {ASSERT|EXPECT}_TRUE(v1 == v2), as the former tells you
//   what the actual value is when it fails, and similarly for the
//   other comparisons.
//
//   4. Do not depend on the order in which {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??()
//   evaluate their arguments, which is undefined.
//
//   5. These macros evaluate their arguments exactly once.
//
// Examples:
//
//   EXPECT_NE(Foo(), 5);
//   EXPECT_EQ(a_pointer, NULL);
//   ASSERT_LT(i, array_size);
//   ASSERT_GT(records.size(), 0) << "There is no record left.";

#define EXPECT_EQ(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::EqHelper::Compare, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_NE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperNE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_LE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_LT(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLT, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_GE(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGE, val1, val2)
#define EXPECT_GT(val1, val2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGT, val1, val2)

#define GTEST_ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::EqHelper::Compare, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_NE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperNE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_LE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_LT(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperLT, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_GE(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGE, val1, val2)
#define GTEST_ASSERT_GT(val1, val2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperGT, val1, val2)

// Define macro GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_XY to 1 to omit the definition of
// ASSERT_XY(), which clashes with some users' own code.

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_EQ
#define ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_NE
#define ASSERT_NE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_NE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LE
#define ASSERT_LE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_LE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LT
#define ASSERT_LT(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_LT(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GE
#define ASSERT_GE(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_GE(val1, val2)
#endif

#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GT
#define ASSERT_GT(val1, val2) GTEST_ASSERT_GT(val1, val2)
#endif

// C-string Comparisons.  All tests treat NULL and any non-NULL string
// as different.  Two NULLs are equal.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ(s1, s2):     Tests that s1 == s2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRNE(s1, s2):     Tests that s1 != s2
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2): Tests that s1 == s2, ignoring case
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STRCASENE(s1, s2): Tests that s1 != s2, ignoring case
//
// For wide or narrow string objects, you can use the
// {ASSERT|EXPECT}_??() macros.
//
// Don't depend on the order in which the arguments are evaluated,
// which is undefined.
//
// These macros evaluate their arguments exactly once.

#define EXPECT_STREQ(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTREQ, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRNE(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRNE, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ, s1, s2)
#define EXPECT_STRCASENE(s1, s2) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASENE, s1, s2)

#define ASSERT_STREQ(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTREQ, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRNE(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRNE, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASEEQ, s1, s2)
#define ASSERT_STRCASENE(s1, s2) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperSTRCASENE, s1, s2)

// Macros for comparing floating-point numbers.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2):
//         Tests that two float values are almost equal.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2):
//         Tests that two double values are almost equal.
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NEAR(v1, v2, abs_error):
//         Tests that v1 and v2 are within the given distance to each other.
//
// Google Test uses ULP-based comparison to automatically pick a default
// error bound that is appropriate for the operands.  See the
// FloatingPoint template class in gtest-internal.h if you are
// interested in the implementation details.

#define EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<float>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<double>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<float>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2)                                         \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(::testing::internal::CmpHelperFloatingPointEQ<double>, \
                      val1, val2)

#define EXPECT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error)                                   \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(::testing::internal::DoubleNearPredFormat, val1, val2, \
                      abs_error)

#define ASSERT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error)                                   \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT3(::testing::internal::DoubleNearPredFormat, val1, val2, \
                      abs_error)

// These predicate format functions work on floating-point values, and
// can be used in {ASSERT|EXPECT}_PRED_FORMAT2*(), e.g.
//
//   EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(testing::DoubleLE, Foo(), 5.0);

// Asserts that val1 is less than, or almost equal to, val2.  Fails
// otherwise.  In particular, it fails if either val1 or val2 is NaN.
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult FloatLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                   float val1, float val2);
GTEST_API_ AssertionResult DoubleLE(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
                                    double val1, double val2);

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Macros that test for HRESULT failure and success, these are only useful
// on Windows, and rely on Windows SDK macros and APIs to compile.
//
//    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_HRESULT_{SUCCEEDED|FAILED}(expr)
//
// When expr unexpectedly fails or succeeds, Google Test prints the
// expected result and the actual result with both a human-readable
// string representation of the error, if available, as well as the
// hex result code.
#define EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expr) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTSuccess, (expr))

#define ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expr) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTSuccess, (expr))

#define EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(expr) \
  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTFailure, (expr))

#define ASSERT_HRESULT_FAILED(expr) \
  ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(::testing::internal::IsHRESULTFailure, (expr))

#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Macros that execute statement and check that it doesn't generate new fatal
// failures in the current thread.
//
//   * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement);
//
// Examples:
//
//   EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Process());
//   ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(Process()) << "Process() failed";
//
#define ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
#define EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(statement) \
  GTEST_TEST_NO_FATAL_FAILURE_(statement, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)

// Causes a trace (including the given source file path and line number,
// and the given message) to be included in every test failure message generated
// by code in the scope of the lifetime of an instance of this class. The effect
// is undone with the destruction of the instance.
//
// The message argument can be anything streamable to std::ostream.
//
// Example:
//   testing::ScopedTrace trace("file.cc", 123, "message");
//
class GTEST_API_ ScopedTrace {
 public:
  // The c'tor pushes the given source file location and message onto
  // a trace stack maintained by Google Test.

  // Template version. Uses Message() to convert the values into strings.
  // Slow, but flexible.
  template <typename T>
  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const T& message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, (Message() << message).GetString());
  }

  // Optimize for some known types.
  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const char* message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, message ? message : "(null)");
  }

  ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const std::string& message) {
    PushTrace(file, line, message);
  }

  // The d'tor pops the info pushed by the c'tor.
  //
  // Note that the d'tor is not virtual in order to be efficient.
  // Don't inherit from ScopedTrace!
  ~ScopedTrace();

 private:
  void PushTrace(const char* file, int line, std::string message);

  ScopedTrace(const ScopedTrace&) = delete;
  ScopedTrace& operator=(const ScopedTrace&) = delete;
} GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_;  // A ScopedTrace object does its job in its
                            // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
                            // need to be used otherwise.

// Causes a trace (including the source file path, the current line
// number, and the given message) to be included in every test failure
// message generated by code in the current scope.  The effect is
// undone when the control leaves the current scope.
//
// The message argument can be anything streamable to std::ostream.
//
// In the implementation, we include the current line number as part
// of the dummy variable name, thus allowing multiple SCOPED_TRACE()s
// to appear in the same block - as long as they are on different
// lines.
//
// Assuming that each thread maintains its own stack of traces.
// Therefore, a SCOPED_TRACE() would (correctly) only affect the
// assertions in its own thread.
#define SCOPED_TRACE(message)                                         \
  ::testing::ScopedTrace GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gtest_trace_, __LINE__)( \
      __FILE__, __LINE__, (message))

// Compile-time assertion for type equality.
// StaticAssertTypeEq<type1, type2>() compiles if and only if type1 and type2
// are the same type.  The value it returns is not interesting.
//
// Instead of making StaticAssertTypeEq a class template, we make it a
// function template that invokes a helper class template.  This
// prevents a user from misusing StaticAssertTypeEq<T1, T2> by
// defining objects of that type.
//
// CAVEAT:
//
// When used inside a method of a class template,
// StaticAssertTypeEq<T1, T2>() is effective ONLY IF the method is
// instantiated.  For example, given:
//
//   template <typename T> class Foo {
//    public:
//     void Bar() { testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<int, T>(); }
//   };
//
// the code:
//
//   void Test1() { Foo<bool> foo; }
//
// will NOT generate a compiler error, as Foo<bool>::Bar() is never
// actually instantiated.  Instead, you need:
//
//   void Test2() { Foo<bool> foo; foo.Bar(); }
//
// to cause a compiler error.
template <typename T1, typename T2>
constexpr bool StaticAssertTypeEq() noexcept {
  static_assert(std::is_same<T1, T2>::value, "T1 and T2 are not the same type");
  return true;
}

// Defines a test.
//
// The first parameter is the name of the test suite, and the second
// parameter is the name of the test within the test suite.
//
// The convention is to end the test suite name with "Test".  For
// example, a test suite for the Foo class can be named FooTest.
//
// Test code should appear between braces after an invocation of
// this macro.  Example:
//
//   TEST(FooTest, InitializesCorrectly) {
//     Foo foo;
//     EXPECT_TRUE(foo.StatusIsOK());
//   }

// Note that we call GetTestTypeId() instead of GetTypeId<
// ::testing::Test>() here to get the type ID of testing::Test.  This
// is to work around a suspected linker bug when using Google Test as
// a framework on Mac OS X.  The bug causes GetTypeId<
// ::testing::Test>() to return different values depending on whether
// the call is from the Google Test framework itself or from user test
// code.  GetTestTypeId() is guaranteed to always return the same
// value, as it always calls GetTypeId<>() from the Google Test
// framework.
#define GTEST_TEST(test_suite_name, test_name)             \
  GTEST_TEST_(test_suite_name, test_name, ::testing::Test, \
              ::testing::internal::GetTestTypeId())

// Define this macro to 1 to omit the definition of TEST(), which
// is a generic name and clashes with some other libraries.
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST
#define TEST(test_suite_name, test_name) GTEST_TEST(test_suite_name, test_name)
#endif

// Defines a test that uses a test fixture.
//
// The first parameter is the name of the test fixture class, which
// also doubles as the test suite name.  The second parameter is the
// name of the test within the test suite.
//
// A test fixture class must be declared earlier.  The user should put
// the test code between braces after using this macro.  Example:
//
//   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
//    protected:
//     void SetUp() override { b_.AddElement(3); }
//
//     Foo a_;
//     Foo b_;
//   };
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, InitializesCorrectly) {
//     EXPECT_TRUE(a_.StatusIsOK());
//   }
//
//   TEST_F(FooTest, ReturnsElementCountCorrectly) {
//     EXPECT_EQ(a_.size(), 0);
//     EXPECT_EQ(b_.size(), 1);
//   }
#define GTEST_TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name)        \
  GTEST_TEST_(test_fixture, test_name, test_fixture, \
              ::testing::internal::GetTypeId<test_fixture>())
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_TEST_F
#define TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name) GTEST_TEST_F(test_fixture, test_name)
#endif

// Returns a path to temporary directory.
// Tries to determine an appropriate directory for the platform.
GTEST_API_ std::string TempDir();

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

// Dynamically registers a test with the framework.
//
// This is an advanced API only to be used when the `TEST` macros are
// insufficient. The macros should be preferred when possible, as they avoid
// most of the complexity of calling this function.
//
// The `factory` argument is a factory callable (move-constructible) object or
// function pointer that creates a new instance of the Test object. It
// handles ownership to the caller. The signature of the callable is
// `Fixture*()`, where `Fixture` is the test fixture class for the test. All
// tests registered with the same `test_suite_name` must return the same
// fixture type. This is checked at runtime.
//
// The framework will infer the fixture class from the factory and will call
// the `SetUpTestSuite` and `TearDownTestSuite` for it.
//
// Must be called before `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` is invoked, otherwise behavior is
// undefined.
//
// Use case example:
//
// class MyFixture : public ::testing::Test {
//  public:
//   // All of these optional, just like in regular macro usage.
//   static void SetUpTestSuite() { ... }
//   static void TearDownTestSuite() { ... }
//   void SetUp() override { ... }
//   void TearDown() override { ... }
// };
//
// class MyTest : public MyFixture {
//  public:
//   explicit MyTest(int data) : data_(data) {}
//   void TestBody() override { ... }
//
//  private:
//   int data_;
// };
//
// void RegisterMyTests(const std::vector<int>& values) {
//   for (int v : values) {
//     ::testing::RegisterTest(
//         "MyFixture", ("Test" + std::to_string(v)).c_str(), nullptr,
//         std::to_string(v).c_str(),
//         __FILE__, __LINE__,
//         // Important to use the fixture type as the return type here.
//         [=]() -> MyFixture* { return new MyTest(v); });
//   }
// }
// ...
// int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//   ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
//   std::vector<int> values_to_test = LoadValuesFromConfig();
//   RegisterMyTests(values_to_test);
//   ...
//   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
// }
//
template <int&... ExplicitParameterBarrier, typename Factory>
TestInfo* RegisterTest(const char* test_suite_name, const char* test_name,
                       const char* type_param, const char* value_param,
                       const char* file, int line, Factory factory) {
  using TestT = typename std::remove_pointer<decltype(factory())>::type;

  class FactoryImpl : public internal::TestFactoryBase {
   public:
    explicit FactoryImpl(Factory f) : factory_(std::move(f)) {}
    Test* CreateTest() override { return factory_(); }

   private:
    Factory factory_;
  };

  return internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
      test_suite_name, test_name, type_param, value_param,
      internal::CodeLocation(file, line), internal::GetTypeId<TestT>(),
      internal::SuiteApiResolver<TestT>::GetSetUpCaseOrSuite(file, line),
      internal::SuiteApiResolver<TestT>::GetTearDownCaseOrSuite(file, line),
      new FactoryImpl{std::move(factory)});
}

}  // namespace testing

// Use this function in main() to run all tests.  It returns 0 if all
// tests are successful, or 1 otherwise.
//
// RUN_ALL_TESTS() should be invoked after the command line has been
// parsed by InitGoogleTest().
//
// This function was formerly a macro; thus, it is in the global
// namespace and has an all-caps name.
int RUN_ALL_TESTS() GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;

inline int RUN_ALL_TESTS() { return ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->Run(); }

GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251

#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_