1cff-version: 1.2.0 2message: "If you use TensorFlow in your research, please cite it using these metadata. Software is available from tensorflow.org." 3title: TensorFlow, Large-scale machine learning on heterogeneous systems 4abstract: TensorFlow is a machine learning system that operates at large scale and in heterogeneous environments. TensorFlow uses dataflow graphs to represent computation, shared state, and the operations that mutate that state. It maps the nodes of a dataflow graph across many machines in a cluster, and within a machine across multiple computational devices, including multicore CPUs, general purpose GPUs, and custom-designed ASICs known as Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). This architecture gives flexibility to the application developer, whereas in previous “parameter server” designs the management of shared state is built into the system, TensorFlow enables developers to experiment with novel optimizations and training algorithms. TensorFlow supports a variety of applications, with a focus on training and inference on deep neural networks. Several Google services use TensorFlow in production, we have released it as an open-source project, and it has become widely used for machine learning research. In this paper, we describe the TensorFlow dataflow model and demonstrate the compelling performance that TensorFlow achieves for several real-world applications. 5authors: 6 - family-names: Abadi 7 given-names: Martín 8 - family-names: Agarwal 9 given-names: Ashish 10 - family-names: Barham 11 given-names: Paul 12 - family-names: Brevdo 13 given-names: Eugene 14 - family-names: Chen 15 given-names: Zhifeng 16 - family-names: Citro 17 given-names: Craig 18 - family-names: Corrado 19 given-names: Greg S. 20 - family-names: Davis 21 given-names: Andy 22 - family-names: Dean 23 given-names: Jeffrey 24 - family-names: Devin 25 given-names: Matthieu 26 - family-names: Ghemawat 27 given-names: Sanjay 28 - family-names: Goodfellow 29 given-names: Ian 30 - family-names: Harp 31 given-names: Andrew 32 - family-names: Irving 33 given-names: Geoffrey 34 - family-names: Isard 35 given-names: Michael 36 - family-names: Jozefowicz 37 given-names: Rafal 38 - family-names: Jia 39 given-names: Yangqing 40 - family-names: Kaiser 41 given-names: Lukasz 42 - family-names: Kudlur 43 given-names: Manjunath 44 - family-names: Levenberg 45 given-names: Josh 46 - family-names: Mané 47 given-names: Dan 48 - family-names: Schuster 49 given-names: Mike 50 - family-names: Monga 51 given-names: Rajat 52 - family-names: Moore 53 given-names: Sherry 54 - family-names: Murray 55 given-names: Derek 56 - family-names: Olah 57 given-names: Chris 58 - family-names: Shlens 59 given-names: Jonathon 60 - family-names: Steiner 61 given-names: Benoit 62 - family-names: Sutskever 63 given-names: Ilya 64 - family-names: Talwar 65 given-names: Kunal 66 - family-names: Tucker 67 given-names: Paul 68 - family-names: Vanhoucke 69 given-names: Vincent 70 - family-names: Vasudevan 71 given-names: Vijay 72 - family-names: Viégas 73 given-names: Fernanda 74 - family-names: Vinyals 75 given-names: Oriol 76 - family-names: Warden 77 given-names: Pete 78 - family-names: Wattenberg 79 given-names: Martin 80 - family-names: Wicke 81 given-names: Martin 82 - family-names: Yu 83 given-names: Yuan 84 - family-names: Zheng 85 given-names: Xiaoqiang 86identifiers: 87 - type: doi 88 value: 10.5281/zenodo.4724125 89 description: The concept DOI for the collection containing all versions of the Citation File Format. 90date-released: "2015-11-09" 91license: "Apache-2.0" 92doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4724125 93 94