1 //===-IslExprBuilder.h - Helper to generate code for isl AST expressions --===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
10 
11 #ifndef POLLY_ISL_EXPR_BUILDER_H
12 #define POLLY_ISL_EXPR_BUILDER_H
13 
14 #include "polly/CodeGen/IRBuilder.h"
15 #include "polly/Support/ScopHelper.h"
16 #include "isl/isl-noexceptions.h"
17 
18 namespace llvm {
19 // Provide PointerLikeTypeTraits for isl_id.
20 template <> struct PointerLikeTypeTraits<isl_id *> {
21 
22 public:
23   static inline const void *getAsVoidPointer(isl_id *P) { return (void *)P; }
24   static inline const Region *getFromVoidPointer(void *P) {
25     return (Region *)P;
26   }
27   static constexpr int NumLowBitsAvailable = 0;
28 };
29 } // namespace llvm
30 
31 namespace polly {
32 class ScopArrayInfo;
33 
34 /// LLVM-IR generator for isl_ast_expr[essions]
35 ///
36 /// This generator generates LLVM-IR that performs the computation described by
37 /// an isl_ast_expr[ession].
38 ///
39 /// Example:
40 ///
41 ///   An isl_ast_expr[ession] can look like this:
42 ///
43 ///     (N + M) + 10
44 ///
45 ///   The IslExprBuilder could create the following LLVM-IR:
46 ///
47 ///     %tmp1 = add nsw i64 %N
48 ///     %tmp2 = add nsw i64 %tmp1, %M
49 ///     %tmp3 = add nsw i64 %tmp2, 10
50 ///
51 /// The implementation of this class is mostly a mapping from isl_ast_expr
52 /// constructs to the corresponding LLVM-IR constructs.
53 ///
54 /// The following decisions may need some explanation:
55 ///
56 /// 1) Which data-type to choose
57 ///
58 /// isl_ast_expr[essions] are untyped expressions that assume arbitrary
59 /// precision integer computations. LLVM-IR instead has fixed size integers.
60 /// When lowering to LLVM-IR we need to chose both the size of the data type and
61 /// the sign of the operations we use.
62 ///
63 /// At the moment, we hardcode i64 bit signed computations. Our experience has
64 /// shown that 64 bit are generally large enough for the loop bounds that appear
65 /// in the wild. Signed computations are needed, as loop bounds may become
66 /// negative.
67 ///
68 /// It is possible to track overflows that occurred in the generated IR. See the
69 /// description of @see OverflowState for more information.
70 ///
71 /// FIXME: Hardcoding sizes can cause issues:
72 ///
73 ///   -  On embedded systems and especially for high-level-synthesis 64 bit
74 ///      computations are very costly.
75 ///
76 ///   The right approach is to compute the minimal necessary bitwidth and
77 ///   signedness for each subexpression during in the isl AST generation and
78 ///   to use this information in our IslAstGenerator. Preliminary patches are
79 ///   available, but have not been committed yet.
80 ///
81 class IslExprBuilder final {
82 public:
83   /// A map from isl_ids to llvm::Values.
84   typedef llvm::MapVector<isl_id *, llvm::AssertingVH<llvm::Value>> IDToValueTy;
85 
86   typedef llvm::MapVector<isl_id *, const ScopArrayInfo *> IDToScopArrayInfoTy;
87 
88   /// A map from isl_ids to ScopArrayInfo objects.
89   ///
90   /// This map is used to obtain ScopArrayInfo objects for isl_ids which do not
91   /// carry a ScopArrayInfo object in their user pointer. This is useful if the
92   /// construction of ScopArrayInfo objects happens only after references (e.g.
93   /// in an AST) to an isl_id are generated and the user pointer of the isl_id
94   /// can not be changed any more.
95   ///
96   /// This is useful for external users who just use the IslExprBuilder for
97   /// code generation.
98   IDToScopArrayInfoTy *IDToSAI = nullptr;
99 
100   /// Set the isl_id to ScopArrayInfo map.
101   ///
102   /// @param NewIDToSAI The new isl_id to ScopArrayInfo map to use.
103   void setIDToSAI(IDToScopArrayInfoTy *NewIDToSAI) { IDToSAI = NewIDToSAI; }
104 
105   /// Construct an IslExprBuilder.
106   ///
107   /// @param Builder     The IRBuilder used to construct the
108   ///                    isl_ast_expr[ession]. The insert location of this
109   ///                    IRBuilder defines WHERE the  corresponding LLVM-IR
110   ///                    is generated.
111   /// @param IDToValue   The isl_ast_expr[ession] may reference parameters or
112   ///                    variables (identified by an isl_id). The IDTOValue map
113   ///                    specifies the LLVM-IR Values that correspond to these
114   ///                    parameters and variables.
115   /// @param GlobalMap   A mapping from llvm::Values used in the original scop
116   ///                    region to a new set of llvm::Values.
117   /// @param DL          DataLayout for the current Module.
118   /// @param SE          ScalarEvolution analysis for the current function.
119   /// @param DT          DominatorTree analysis for the current function.
120   /// @param LI          LoopInfo analysis for the current function.
121   /// @param StartBlock The first basic block after the RTC.
122   IslExprBuilder(Scop &S, PollyIRBuilder &Builder, IDToValueTy &IDToValue,
123                  ValueMapT &GlobalMap, const llvm::DataLayout &DL,
124                  llvm::ScalarEvolution &SE, llvm::DominatorTree &DT,
125                  llvm::LoopInfo &LI, llvm::BasicBlock *StartBlock);
126 
127   /// Create LLVM-IR for an isl_ast_expr[ession].
128   ///
129   /// @param Expr The ast expression for which we generate LLVM-IR.
130   ///
131   /// @return The llvm::Value* containing the result of the computation.
132   llvm::Value *create(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
133 
134   /// Return the largest of two types.
135   ///
136   /// @param T1 The first type.
137   /// @param T2 The second type.
138   ///
139   /// @return The largest of the two types.
140   llvm::Type *getWidestType(llvm::Type *T1, llvm::Type *T2);
141 
142   /// Return the type with which this expression should be computed.
143   ///
144   /// The type needs to be large enough to hold all possible input and all
145   /// possible output values.
146   ///
147   /// @param Expr The expression for which to find the type.
148   /// @return The type with which the expression should be computed.
149   llvm::IntegerType *getType(__isl_keep isl_ast_expr *Expr);
150 
151   /// Change if runtime overflows are tracked or not.
152   ///
153   /// @param Enable Flag to enable/disable the tracking.
154   ///
155   /// Note that this will reset the tracking state and that tracking is only
156   /// allowed if the last tracked expression dominates the current insert point.
157   void setTrackOverflow(bool Enable);
158 
159   /// Return the current overflow status or nullptr if it is not tracked.
160   ///
161   /// @return A nullptr if tracking is disabled or otherwise an i1 that has the
162   ///         value of "0" if and only if no overflow happened since tracking
163   ///         was enabled.
164   llvm::Value *getOverflowState() const;
165 
166   /// Create LLVM-IR that computes the memory location of an access expression.
167   ///
168   /// For a given isl_ast_expr[ession] of type isl_ast_op_access this function
169   /// creates IR that computes the address the access expression refers to.
170   ///
171   /// @param Expr The ast expression of type isl_ast_op_access
172   ///             for which we generate LLVM-IR.
173   ///
174   /// @return A pair of the llvm::Value* containing the result of the
175   ///         computation and the llvm::Type* it points to.
176   std::pair<llvm::Value *, llvm::Type *>
177   createAccessAddress(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
178 
179   /// Check if an @p Expr contains integer constants larger than 64 bit.
180   ///
181   /// @param Expr The expression to check.
182   ///
183   /// @return True if the ast expression is larger than 64 bit.
184   bool hasLargeInts(isl::ast_expr Expr);
185 
186 private:
187   Scop &S;
188 
189   /// Flag that will be set if an overflow occurred at runtime.
190   ///
191   /// Note that this flag is by default a nullptr and if it is a nullptr
192   /// we will not record overflows but simply perform the computations.
193   /// The intended usage is as follows:
194   ///   - If overflows in [an] expression[s] should be tracked, call
195   ///     the setTrackOverflow(true) function.
196   ///   - Use create(...) for all expressions that should be checked.
197   ///   - Call getOverflowState() to get the value representing the current
198   ///     state of the overflow flag.
199   ///   - To stop tracking call setTrackOverflow(false).
200   llvm::Value *OverflowState;
201 
202   PollyIRBuilder &Builder;
203   IDToValueTy &IDToValue;
204   ValueMapT &GlobalMap;
205 
206   const llvm::DataLayout &DL;
207   llvm::ScalarEvolution &SE;
208   llvm::DominatorTree &DT;
209   llvm::LoopInfo &LI;
210   llvm::BasicBlock *StartBlock;
211 
212   llvm::Value *createOp(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
213   llvm::Value *createOpUnary(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
214   llvm::Value *createOpAccess(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
215   llvm::Value *createOpBin(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
216   llvm::Value *createOpNAry(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
217   llvm::Value *createOpSelect(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
218   llvm::Value *createOpICmp(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
219   llvm::Value *createOpBoolean(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
220   llvm::Value *createOpBooleanConditional(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
221   llvm::Value *createId(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
222   llvm::Value *createInt(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
223   llvm::Value *createOpAddressOf(__isl_take isl_ast_expr *Expr);
224 
225   /// Create a binary operation @p Opc and track overflows if requested.
226   ///
227   /// @param OpC  The binary operation that should be performed [Add/Sub/Mul].
228   /// @param LHS  The left operand.
229   /// @param RHS  The right operand.
230   /// @param Name The (base) name of the new IR operations.
231   ///
232   /// @return A value that represents the result of the binary operation.
233   llvm::Value *createBinOp(llvm::BinaryOperator::BinaryOps Opc,
234                            llvm::Value *LHS, llvm::Value *RHS,
235                            const llvm::Twine &Name);
236 
237   /// Create an addition and track overflows if requested.
238   ///
239   /// @param LHS  The left operand.
240   /// @param RHS  The right operand.
241   /// @param Name The (base) name of the new IR operations.
242   ///
243   /// @return A value that represents the result of the addition.
244   llvm::Value *createAdd(llvm::Value *LHS, llvm::Value *RHS,
245                          const llvm::Twine &Name = "");
246 
247   /// Create a subtraction and track overflows if requested.
248   ///
249   /// @param LHS  The left operand.
250   /// @param RHS  The right operand.
251   /// @param Name The (base) name of the new IR operations.
252   ///
253   /// @return A value that represents the result of the subtraction.
254   llvm::Value *createSub(llvm::Value *LHS, llvm::Value *RHS,
255                          const llvm::Twine &Name = "");
256 
257   /// Create a multiplication and track overflows if requested.
258   ///
259   /// @param LHS  The left operand.
260   /// @param RHS  The right operand.
261   /// @param Name The (base) name of the new IR operations.
262   ///
263   /// @return A value that represents the result of the multiplication.
264   llvm::Value *createMul(llvm::Value *LHS, llvm::Value *RHS,
265                          const llvm::Twine &Name = "");
266 };
267 } // namespace polly
268 
269 #endif
270